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THIRD YEAR > Q2 > Flashcards

Q2 Flashcards

1
Q

ant cerebral artery leads to what

A

frontal lobe
contralateral loss in foot and leg
paresis of arm and foot, relative sparing of thigh and face

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2
Q

middle cerebral artery

A

hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, aphasia/dysphasia, apraxia

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3
Q

ABCD2 score

A
  • Age >=60 (1)
  • BP >=140/90 (1)
  • Clinical features unilateral weakness (2), speech disturbance without any weakness (1)
  • Duration of symptoms >=60mins (2) 10-59 mins (1)
  • hx of DM (1)

4 or above 300mg aspirin daily

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4
Q

GCS

A

motor:

  • obeys commands (6)
  • localises to pain (5)
  • withdraws from pain (4)
  • abnormal flexion to pain (3)
  • extending to pain (2)
  • none (1)

verbal response:

  • orientated (5)
  • confused (4)
  • words (3)
  • sounds (2)
  • none (1)

Eye opening:

  • spontaneous (4)
  • to speech (3)
  • to pain (2)
  • none (1)
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5
Q

extradural haemoatoma

A

injury

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6
Q

subdural haemoatoma

A

old age
alcohol
anti coag

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7
Q

SAH

A

aneurysm

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8
Q

acute cluster

prophylaxis

A

100% o2, subcut/nasal triptan

verapamil, pred

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9
Q

new seizures
established seizure

stroke/TIA
multiple TIAs over a short period of time

A

6m no driving after assessment
1 yr seizure free

1m
3m

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10
Q

TACl

A

unilateral hemiparesis and/or hemisensory loss of the face, arm, leg
HH
higher cognitive impairment

middle and anterior cerebral arteries

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11
Q

PACl

A

2 of:
unilateral hemiparesis and/or hemisensory loss of the face, arm, leg
HH
higher cognitive impairment

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12
Q

lacunar LACl

A

unilateral weakness and/- sensory loss
pure sensory stroke
ataxic hemiparesis

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13
Q

POCl

A

cerebellar or brainstem syndrome
loss of consciousness
isolated HH

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14
Q

Lambart eaton synd ABs against what
symp
assoc with what

A

ABs again pre synap calcium gated channels in NMJ

prox arms and legs weakness temporarily relieved after exertion or physical exercise

small proportion associated with small cell lung cancer

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15
Q

contra indications to triptans

A

history or significant risk factors for ischaemic heart disease or cerebra vascular disease

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16
Q

anterior cerebral artery

A

contra lateral hemiparesis and sensory loss

lower extremity >lower extremity

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17
Q

middle cerebellar artery

A

contra lateral hemiparesis and sensory loss
upper extremity >lower
contra lateral HH
aphasia

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18
Q

posteriori cerebellar artery

A

contralateral HH with macula sparing

visual agnosia

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19
Q

high stepping gait

A

foot drop

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20
Q

vit B12 defic

A

sensory loss

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21
Q

LMN facial

UMN facial

A

all facial muscles

spares forehead

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22
Q

ischaemic stroke secondary care

A

clopidegrol and statin

aspirin and dipyridamole if clopidegrol contra indicated or not well tolerated

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23
Q

sodium valproate SE

A 
weight gain
nausea
alopecia - hair grows back curly
ataxia
tremor
hep
pancreatitis
thrombocytopenia
teratogenic
hyponatraemia
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24
Q

prophylaxis of migraines

A

propanolol or topirmate

3rd line gabapentin

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25
Q

menstrual migraines proph

A

frovatriptan 2.5mg twice daily

zolmitriptan 2.5 mg three times or twice daily

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26
Q

migraines during pregnancy

A

1g paracetomaol first line

2nd line in first and second trim -aspirin 300mg or iboburfen 400mg can be used

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27
Q

adverse effects of levodopa

A 
dyskinesia
on off effect
[pstural hypotension 
cardiac arrhythmias
N+V
psychosis
reddish discolouration of urine on standing
28
Q

AML

A

LMN in arms and UMN in legs

29
Q

primary lateral sclerosis

A

UMN signs only

30
Q

progressive muscular atrophy

A

LMN signs only
affects distal muscles before prox

best prognosis

31
Q

progressive bulbar palsy

A

palsy of tongue, muscles of chewing/swallowing and facial muscles due to loss of function of brainstem motor uncle

worst prognosis

32
Q

children and migraines

A

shorter
bilateral
GI disturbance more predom

33
Q

intracranial idiopathic hypertension

A

blurry vision
female
obese
headache

34
Q

most common type of MS

A

relapsing remitting

35
Q

cylizine and prochlorperazine

A

exacerbate parkinsons disease

36
Q

neuropathic pain

A

1 - amitryptalline, duloxetina, gabapentin, pregablin

2 - tramadol (exacerbations of neuropathic pain), topical capsain (localised neuro pain)

37
Q

trigmenal neuralgia

A

carbamazapine

38
Q

osteomyelitis ix

A

MRI

39
Q

tuberous sclerosis

A

shagreen patch - roughened skin

epilepsy common

40
Q

balls pals rx

A

pred for 10d

eye care - lubricants, artificial tears

41
Q

SAH LP

A

post 12 hours

42
Q

SE of triptans

A

tingling, heat, tightness (chest and throat), heaviness and pressure

43
Q

px with LBD are extremely sensitive to

A

neuroepileptic patients

44
Q

most common cause of head tremor

A

ET

45
Q

GBC commonly linked to

A

campylobacter jejuni

46
Q

treatment prakisnos tremor

A

procydlidine

47
Q

SORL1 protein

A

sporadic form of dementia

48
Q

alzheimers

A

mutations in amyloid precursor protein leading to A beta

49
Q

wilson ix

A

24 h urine collection

50
Q

subdural haematoma

A

elderly and on anti coag

fall, urinary incontinance

51
Q

balls palsy

A

loss of lacrimation

52
Q

TIA

A

should resolve within 24 h

usually resolves within 1h

53
Q

all patients with stroke should have

A

CT/MRI preferably within 24 hours

ECG

54
Q

<60 and ischaemic stroke

A

thrombophilia screen and autoantibodies and anti cardiolupin

55
Q

Erbs palsy

A

commonly cause by shoulder dystocia

C5-C6

56
Q

familial hemiplegic migraine

A

assoc with transient motor deficit

57
Q

wernickes encephalopathy

A

defic of B1

58
Q

sarcoid

A

ACE

calcium high

59
Q

phenytoin toxicity

A

present as cerebellar syndrome

60
Q

sodium valproate SE

A

nausea, drowsiness and tremor at toxic levels

61
Q

carbamazepine

A

aplastic anaemia and agranulocytosis - rare

62
Q

resting pin rolling tremor

A

parkinsons

63
Q

normal BG is

A

5.5

64
Q

extradural haeatoma

A

deterioration in approx 4-6 hours

65
Q

bulbar palsy

A

lmn

66
Q

psueodobulbar palsy

A

umn

THIRD YEAR (27 decks)

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