Neuro4 Flashcards
neutrophils in SAH
bacterial meningitis
viral encephalitis cause can be what
autoimmune
encephalitis ix
LP, EEG, MRI
inflamed temporal lobe on MRI
viral encph
neisseria meningitides found where
how does it get to meninges
what are the ump due to
who is vaccinated against this
throats of healthy carriers
bacteria -> meninges via blood stream
endotoxin
military recruiters vaccinated with purified capsular polysaccharide to prevent epidemics
HI influenza part of what
requires whats for growth
how many types
commonest type for under 4s
normal thorax bacteria
blood factors
6
HiB
cochlear implants risk
pneumococcus meningitis
rare but v high mortality
cryptococcal meaning risk
dx
rx
HIV
serum and CSF cryptococcal antigen
IV amphoterin B/flucytosine. fluconazole
what happens in children within 24-36 hours of antibiotic treatment in meningitis
CSF culture negative
no sig change in cell count/chemistry
brain is how much of body weight
2%
how much CO does brian use
carried o2
carried glucose
15%
20%
12%
saccular aneurysms are what
true aneurysms with involevemtn of all layers of the vessel
arise at arterial bifurcaition points
what allele predisposes to alzheimers with some cluttering in families
e4
e2 in alzheimers
assoc with longitivtiy
traumatic extradural haematomas
if unrx
tempoparietak region that involves middle meningeal artery
mediastinal shift
subdural haem acute
chronic
related to injury - clotted blood
liquified blood - brian atrophy
why are neurones more susceptible to damage
can’t use anaerobic glycolysis
webers syn damage
midbrain of breianstem
vertibrobasilar - post
CRRK 2
parkin
GBA mutations
dom PD
recessive PD
greatest genetic risk for PD
primary dystonia physio abnormality
loss/reduction ire ciprocal inhibition
alterations in brain plasticity
alterations in sensory function
who grading for astrocytic tumours
1 piloycyctic, pleomorphic, xanthaastrocytomas, subependymal giant cell
2 low grade
3 anaplastic
4 glioblastoma multiforme
pilocytic astrocytomas
more common in childhood
oligodendroglial tumoruss
sensitive to chemo
first seizure and driving
6m 5y if HGV/PCV
epilepsy and driving
1y
10y off med for HGV/PCV
watershed infarcts caused by
general hypotension
why is ceft given first line in mening and not penicilline
longer half life
penetrates CSF better
giving steroids in meningitis reduces what
longterm nerd cx
PNS myelination
schwanna cells
CNS myelination
difference
oligo
does multiple neurones at the same time
stomping gait / sensory gait
dorsal column problem
tysabri (rx for MS)
can cause AML
highest cause of deaths in under 40s
glioblastomas
GCT CT
iso or hyper dense
MS brainstem symp
RVI diplopia
RVII facial weakness
FXTAS MRI
T2 hypersensitivity in middle cerebellar peduncles
confirm FXTAS
molecular testing
chronic hereditary sensory motor neuropathy
CMTIa commonest - genetic testing
MND
loss of motor neurones from cortex of brain
AML
idiopathic
familial - gene on chromosome 21
myotonia
failure of muscle relaxation after use
myotonic dystrophy
trinucleate repeat disease with anticipation
bosilism
cleave pre synaptic proteins involved in vesicle formation and block vesicle docking with pre synaptic membrane
