Reportable Viruses Flashcards
reportable disease
conditions that pose or may pose a significant threat to:
- animal health
- environment
- food supply
- public health
what are the characteristics of reportable diseases
- high public health risk
- threat of significant economic loss
- highly contagious, rapidly spreading, and difficult to control
foreign animal diseases (FAD)
“transboundary” diseases
transmissible livestock and poultry diseases that are believed to be absent from the U.S.
- exists in other countries
emerging diseases
diseases with the potential for significant animal or human health impacts
incidence has recently increased or is likely to increase
what are risk factors to animal agriculture
- increased human population
- increased demand for poultry/livestock meat
- increased world trade and travel
- lack of surveillance standards worldwide
world organization for animal health (WOAH)
coordinates the global response to animal health emergencies and prevention of zoonotic disease spread
maintains list of infectious diseases of concern
what is the U.S. representative in WOAH
USDA
what is the reportable disease list in CA
CA’s list of reportable conditions for animals/animal products
has certain conditions that must be reported to the department of public health
what are clinical signs that indicate possible FAD
- high morbidity or mortality
- VESICULAR DISEASE
- CNS signs (stargazing)
- hemorrhagic septicemia
- larvae in wounds
- unusual clinical signs in multiple animals
what laboratory type does initial screening for FAD
state labs
what laboratory type does official FAD confirmatory testing
USDA national veterinary services
foot and mouth disease pathogen
picornavirus
7 serotypes w/ many subtypes
what species does FMD affect
cloven hoof animals
(cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, deer, elk) + rats and mice
NOT horses
are humans affected by FMD
potential zoonoses but RARE
transmission of FMD
direct: secretions, feces, urine, ingestion of undercooked animal products
indirect: fomites (people, vehicles, equipment)
