renal1

Question 1

most common cause of bilateral fetal hyropnephrosis in boys

Answer 1

posterior urethral valve

Question 2

most common cause of unilateral fetal hydronephrosis

Answer 2

UPJ inadequte cnaalziation : connection site bw kidney and ureter.

Question 3

nonobstructive cause of fetal hydronephrosis

Answer 3

vesicoureteral reflux

Question 4

ureter lies medial to ovarian vessels and anterior to

Answer 4

internal iliac artery

Question 5

glomerular permeabiltiy factor

Answer 5

in mcd, systemic t cell dysfucntion lead to production of this factor ; which is a cytoke ine that causes pdocoyte foot process fusion and decreases the pranionic properities of gbm

Question 6

anuria and suprapubic fullness (suggesting distended bladder)

Answer 6

acute urinary retention

Question 7

failure to close distal part of urachus (adjacent to umbiclusi)

Answer 7

urachul sinus

presents w periumbicliac tenderness and purulent umbilicar discharge due to persistenct and recurrent infection

Question 8

where is purpura in HSp

Answer 8

lower extremity unlike meningitis

Question 9

psgn vs iga nephropathy

Answer 9

psgn does not usually reoccur

Question 10

TOTAL PROTEIN - SERUM ALBUMIN >4

Answer 10

GAMMA gap