msk2 Flashcards
bluish tumor under nail bed
glomus tumor or subungual melanoma (pigmentation)
suprapatellar bursitis vs prepatellar bursitsi
repetiiive anterior knee truam: prepatellar bursitis: prolonged kneeling
suprapatellar bursitis: running; prolonged quad activity
tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, urianry hydroxyproline , urinary deoxypyridinoloine measure
osteoclastic activity
inability to extend knee against gravity
patellar fracture
mvc, landing on feet after falling from height
excessive joint widening on valgus stress
mcl
inability to flex knee against resistance
hamstring muscles injury
biceps femors, semitendinosus, semimebmranonuss, gracilis, gastrocnemisu, sartorisu
impingement bw acromion and head of humerus affects
supraspinatus tendon
impaired osteoid production by osteoblasts
osteogenesis imperfecta
type i collage is present in osteoid (organic portion of bone matrix)
impaired bone remodeling
osteopetrosis
defective osteoclasts
lateral ankle sprain
anteirot talofibular ligament
lateral epicondylitis is caused by overuse of
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi radialis brevis and extesnor digitorum are involved in wrist
extension
overuse of abductor pollicus longus and brevis lead to de quervain tenosynovitis causing thumb and
wrist flexion pain
parvovirus b19 in adults
symmetric polyarthitis involivn pip, metacarpal knee and ankle joints
arthritis is self limited and non destructive
adult osteomyelitis
epiphysis
common spreading is vertebral body
supracondylar fractures resulting in anterolateral displacement of proximal
radial nerve
supracondylar fractures resulting in anteromedial displacement of proximal fracture
cause median nerve and brachial artery (pulseless hand) damage
osteocytes remain connected to each other by
gap junctions
send signals to and exchange nutrients and waste products w osteocytes wihtin neighboring lamella via gap junctions
chronic lymphedema (From axillary lymph node dissection) predisopses to a
angiosarcoma (stewart reves syndrome)
forcibly exhaling against closed glottis
valsalva
deforimty of long bones w hearing loss
paget’s
osteoclasts origniate from hematopoietic progeniotr cells. macrophage csolony stimualting factor and RANKL play a role
in onsteoclast differentiatoin
mulinucleated mature cell
osteoclast ( havev up to 100 nuclei)
fgf’s induce proliferation of
ostebolastic precurosr cells
drug induced vasculitist
cutaneous small vessel vasculitis
penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamdies, phentyoin, allopurinol
cutaneous small vesse lvasculitis features
nonblanching palpable purpura.
histo: perivascualr inflammation of small blood vessels w fibrinoid neucrosis and predominance of neutrophils and fragmented neutrophilic nuclei (leukocytoclastic vasculitits)
absorbed in upper dermis ; contribute to sunburn and increase risk of malignancy
UVB
penetrate deeper into skin and cause photoaging
UVA : produces ROS
UVA produces ROS that decresase
collagen fibril production and along w upregulation of MMP (including collageneases) that degrade type I and 3 collagen and elastin
photoaging
graudal thinning of epidermis
rete ridges at dermoepidermal junction become flattened
crosslinking of collagen
innervates lateral leg and dorsum of foot
superifical peroneal nerve
the skin bw great toe and second toe
deep peroneal nerve
why do ecchymoses not blanch
rbc not containted within vasculature
attaches to anterior portion of intercondylar tibia
ACL
attachest to posterior portion of intercondylar tibia
PCL
pain from sharp pull on hand while forearm is pronated and elbow is extended
radial head subluxation (nursemaid ‘s elbow)
injiry to annular ligament
radial head subluxation
injury to annular ligament
prostatic plexus innervates
corpus cavernosum
prostatectomy or injury to prostatic plexus can cause
erectile dysfunction
incompelte degernation of central portion of fibrous tissue band connecting walls of vagina
imperforate hymen
presenting signs of imperforate hymen
primary amenorrhea,
normal sedondary sex characeerisitics w cyclic abdominal or pelvic pain due to accumulation of menstrual blood in vagina and uterus (hematocolpos)
mass palpated anterior to recutm
imperforate hymen