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uworld > neuro2 > Flashcards

neuro2 Flashcards

1
Q

Wilson disease: cystic degneration of

A 
putamen
lentiform nucleus (glubs palldius and putamen)
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2
Q

finger abduction and adduction other than thumb

A

ulnar nerve

solely thumb adduction

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3
Q

wrist adduction

A

ulnar nerve

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4
Q

runs thorugh GUyon’s canal

A

ulnar nerve

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5
Q

elbow flexion

A

musculateocutaneous nerve

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6
Q

wrist abduction

A

median nerve

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7
Q

p53 is on chormosome

A

17

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8
Q

right eye field generates conjugate gaze movements to the

A

left

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9
Q

pupillary reflexes normal in lesion to lgn and optic radiation

A

true

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10
Q

contralateral hemiblaism

A

damage to subthalamic nucelus

commmonly in lacunar stroke

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11
Q

loss of sensation to lateral shoulder

A

damage to axillary nerve

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12
Q

weakness of shoulder abduction due to denervation of deltoid muscle

A

axillary nerve

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13
Q

sequential impusles from same neuron oaver time

A

temporal summation

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14
Q

combined effect of simulatenous impulses from several different neurons

A

spatial summation

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15
Q

using a screwdriver

A

radial nerve injury: repetiive pronation / supination

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16
Q

where wouuld repetpive prnoantion and supinatnion injrue

A

radial nerve thorugh supinator canal

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17
Q

injury when radial nerve travels through supintaror canal

A

finger and thumb extension weaknese without wrist drop or sensory deficits

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18
Q

injury to radial nerve at axilla

A

weakness of forearm, hand, and finger extensor muscles (wrist drop, absent triceps reflex) w sensory loss over posterior arm , forearm, dorsolateral hand

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19
Q

injury to radial nerve at midshaft humerus

A

weakness of hand/ finger extensor muscles with sparing of triceps brachii and sensory loss over posterior forearm/dorsolateral hand

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20
Q

diabaetic mononeuropathy involves which CN

A

3

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21
Q

diabetic mononeuropathy spares

A

parasymp fibers: so normal pupilliaryy size nd reactivity. accomodaotion reflexes are noraml

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22
Q

congenital hydrocephauls ; prone to develop

A

muscle hypertonicity
hyperreflexia
from UMN injury caused by stretching of pervientricular pyramidal tracts

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23
Q

microglial nodules seen in

A

MS and HIV encephalopathy

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24
Q

negri bodies

A

viral inclusions in cytoplasm of nerve cells in pt’s with rabies

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25
Q

blurred vision

fatigue w exercise

A

fatigue w exercise is unthoff’s phenomeon

MS

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26
Q

perivenular inflammatory infiltrates

A

MS

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27
Q

optic tract lesions cause a relative afferent pupillary deficit in the pupil

A

contralateral to tract lesion, as nasal portion of retina contributes more input to pretectal nucleus than temporal part of retina

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28
Q

arcuate scotomoas damage to

A

particular region of optic nerve head

29
Q

posterior displacement of tongue

A

glossoptosis see in pierre roin sequence

30
Q

failure of fusion of secondary palate w primary palate

A

cleft palate

31
Q

absent triceps reflex

A

radial nerve

32
Q

crutch palsy

A

radial nerve

33
Q

which nerve mediates the afferent limb of teh cough reflex above vocal cords

A

internal laryngeal nerve

34
Q

internal larygneal nerve is a branch of the

A

vagus cn 10

35
Q

foreign bodies lodged in piriform recess damage the

A

internal larygneal nerve

36
Q

which artery causes amaursosi fugax

A

ophthatlimc artery

37
Q

hypertensive retinal hemorrageh

(flame shaped hemorraghe, cotton wool spots, av nicking

A

painless unilateral visual disturbances

range from mild obscuration w.o. loss of vsiual acuity to permanent blindness

38
Q

cholesterol crystals; calcified cysts

A

craniopharyngiomas

39
Q

slit like white matter cavitiies w surrounding gliosis

A

lacunar infarctions

40
Q

anterior nasal septum contains what plexus

A

kiesselbach plexus

41
Q

most common site of nasal polyps

A

middle meatus

42
Q

alzheimre most pronounced in

A

temporoparietal lobes and hippocampus

43
Q

increased volume and pressure of endolymph in vesitnbular apparatus

A

meniere disease (vertigo, tinnnitus, sensorinueural hearing loss)

44
Q

optiaml site for femoral nerve block

A

inguinal crease

at lataeral border of femoral artery

45
Q

intraventricular hemorraghe is complication of

A

prematurity

46
Q

intraventircular hemorraghe in newborn originates from the

A

germinal matrix
a highly cellular and vascularized layer in subventricular zone from which neurons and glial cells migrate out during brain development.

47
Q

high frequency hearing loss

A

organ of corti damage

specifically to stereociliated hair cellws

48
Q

white pupillary reflex what cancer

A

retinoblastoma

49
Q

nf1 and ataxia telangiectasia increaes developemnt of what blood cancer

A

ALL

50
Q

attached to dura mater

A

meningiomas

51
Q

damage to brainstem at or below level of red nucleus (midbrain tegmentum, pons)

A

decerebrate (extensor posturing)

52
Q

damage to neural structures above red nucleus (cerebral hemisphere, internal capsule)

A

decroticate (flexor) posturing due to loss of descending inhbition of red nucleus and subseuqntly hyperactivity of upper limb flexors

53
Q

posteiror part of external audtiory canal innervated by

A

small auricular branch of vagus nerve

54
Q

if you stimulate external audtiory canal by otoscope can cause

A

vasovagal syncope

prasymp outflow leads to decreaesd HR and BP

55
Q

bednign forward or lifting objects
young obese women
pappiledema

A

pseudotumor cerebri
headaches
vaslavla; bending down, coughin

56
Q

increased ICP in pseduotumor cerebri compress optic nerve resulting in

A

impaired axoplasmic flow and optic disc edema

57
Q

chorioidal infalmmation

A

postiero uveitis

58
Q

cricothyrotomy incision passes thorugh

A

superior cervical fascia

pretracheal fascia, cricothyroid membrane

59
Q

voluntary breathing unaffected in

A

brain stem lesion

60
Q

median nerve courses bw humeral and ulnar heads of pronator teres muscle and then runs between

A

flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus muscle before crossign wrist wtihin carpal tunnel

61
Q

lies bw flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

A

ulnar nerve

62
Q

squamous cell debris that form a round pearly mass behind tympanic membrane in middle ear

A

cholesteatomas

63
Q

choleasteatomas cause hearing lsos due to erosion into

A

auditory ossicles

Conductive hearing loss

64
Q

ulcerated plaque or nodule in ear canal

A

scc

65
Q

increased volume and pressure of endolymph (endolymph hydrops) in inner ear

A

meniere disease

66
Q

inflammation of vestibular nerve

single episode that can last days

A

labyrinthitis (usually occurs after single episode followign viral episode)

67
Q

sclerosis of ossicles

A

otoscelrosis: commonly in middle age

no vertigo

68
Q

unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus; recurrent vertigo;
increased pressure and volume of endolymph

A

meniere disease

69
Q

benign paroxsymal positional vertigo

A

otoliths in semicuruclar canals
brief episodes of vertiogo borught by head movement
no auditory symptoms

uworld (14 decks)

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