biochem1 Flashcards
inheritance of classic galactosemia
autosomal recessive
inheritance of rett syndrome
x linked dominant disorder
chromosomal posistion determined by
FISH
a2delta 2
hba2
cytochrome oxdiase
final component of etc and fucntions to convert molecular oxygen to water
enzymes for PPP reside in the
cytosol
counterregulatroy hormones
glucagon
epinepherine
cortisol and GH (alter trancirpitoin of many genes to conesrve glucose)
REDUCING SUGARS
GLUCOSE
galactose f
fructose
monocistrionic
eukaryotic
lac operon regulated by 2 distinct mechanisms
negatively by binding of repressor protein to operator locus and positively by camp-cap binding upstrream from promoter region
lac operon positively reguatled by cap to site slightly upstream from promoter region; only occurs when camp is
high. thus since glucose decreases activaty of adenyl cyclase (reducing intracellular camp), the lac operon is repressed in high glucose conditiosn
4 cal per gram of
protein or cargb
9 cal per gram of ffat
acute GI hemorrageh caues what tyep of loss of ecf volume
isotonic
myoglobin has a much higher affinity of oxygen than hemoglboin
true
lactose breaks into
galactose + glucsoe
maltose = 2 glucose
in fructokinase defincieync, what takes over role of metabolizign fructose
hexokinase
(converts fructose to fructose 6 phosphate
ristocetin cofactor assay measures in vitro vwf dependent platelet agglutination
ristocetin activates GP Ib receptors on platelts and makes them available for vwf binding; when
true
when normal plasma that contains is added, why does appropatei platelet agglutinator occur
seen in vwf.
bc normal plasma contains vwf
geneetic code is considered degenerate which means
more than 1 codon can code for a partiuclar amino acid
why does excessive raw egg white consumption lead to biotin deficieicy
due to high levels of biotin binding avidin in egg white
rubber like properties of elastin due to
high content of nonpolar amino acids and extenssive cross linking between elastin monomers faicliated by lysyl oxidase.
induce posttranscirptional gene silencing by base pairing with complmementary sequences within target mrna molecules
short non coding rna sequences (micro rna and small intefering RNA)
erythrocytes can bypass glycolytic pathway by
bisphosphoglycerate mutatse
converts 1,3bpg to 2,3 bpg in a step that produces no ATP
cyandie inhibits
cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria used as an ETC enzyme essential for ox phosphroylation
homeobox genes encode
dna binding trasncirption factors that play an imortant role in segmental organization of embryo along cranio caudal axis
ketone bodies cannot be used to synthesize
glucose
reversibly binds hemogblion
CO
red pulp in spleen removeal
damaged RBCs
unqdergo hyperplasia in pyruvate kinase deficiiency
measure amount of protein in body fluids
ELISA
progeny contains genetic material from both viruses
reassormtent
segmented viruses
sickling occurs with high levels of
2, 3 bpg
brown pigment gllstones formed by
composed of calciulm salts of ucb and arise secondary to bacterial or helminithic infection
releaseBETA-GLUCURONIDASE ; hydrolyzes bilirubin glucuronides to ucb
ammonia level in methylmalonic acdiemia
high
organic acids directly inhibt urea cycle leading to hyperammonenima
