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uworld > hemeonc1 > Flashcards

hemeonc1 Flashcards

1
Q

lymphocytes with cytoplasmic inclusions

A

hairy cell leukemia

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2
Q

decreased fibrinogen levels seen in

A

DIC

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3
Q

materinal blood type A and B ; isoimmunization does not occur bc

A

naturally occuring antibodies anti A and B are of IgM type; cannot cross placenta.’t

type O have antibodies that are predominatly of IgG type, which can cross placenta

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4
Q

indirect hyperbilirbuine, elevated LDh, spherocytes; + direct coomb

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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5
Q

what lowers hepcidin levels

A

hypoxia and increaed erythropoiesis

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6
Q

uremia bleeding studies

uremic toxins imair platelet aggregation and adhesion

A

PT: normal
PTT: normal
platelt count: normal
bleeding time: increaessd

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7
Q

EML4 and ALK fusion protein

A

Non small cell lung carcinoma

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8
Q

hard lymph nodes palpated in right inguinal area inferior to inguilal ligament. comes from what original site

A

orifice of anal canal

superifical inguinal lymph notes

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9
Q

upper third of rectum drains into

A

inferior mesenteric lymph nodes

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10
Q

increased expression of PD-1 ligand does what

A

binds to Pd1 receptor on cytotoxic T cells; inhibiting ability to induce apoptosis (T cell ehasution)

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11
Q

accumulation of macrophages with fibrillary cytoplasm

A

gaucher disease

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12
Q

dilated sinusoids and fibrous nodules with hemosiderin

A

congestive splenomegaly due to portal HTn

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13
Q

kozak consensus squence is ued for initiation of

A

translation.

gccgccRccAUGG (R is adenonine or guanine)

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14
Q

pure red cell aplasia

A

thymoma,
lymphocytic leukemia
parvovirus B19

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15
Q

western blot simlar to elisa; the difference is

A

western lbot: separted by electrophoresis

ELISA: pt’s serum tested directly

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16
Q

how do tumor cells adhere to basememt mebmrane

A

laminin

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17
Q

increased vascular leakage in microvasculature leads to hemoconcentration and decreased wall shear stress improving contact of neutrophils w endothelial lining

A

margination

18
Q

how does tnf a cause cachexia

A

appetite suppression

increase basal metabolic rate

19
Q

HER2 oncogene encodes for

A

transembmrane glycoprotein w intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity; causes accelerated cell proliferation

20
Q

ionizing radiation for cancer causes cell death trhough 2 mechanisms

A
  1. double strand dna breakage

2. free radical formation

21
Q

caseating granulomas of TB : large epithelioid macs w pale pink granular cytoplasm and surface CD ___ at periphery

A

CD14

22
Q

marker of monocyte-macrophage cell lineage

A

CD14

23
Q

ITP vs vwf disease

A

ITP : not chronic

vwf: chronicc, unreletning since childhood

24
Q

spleen in aplastic anemia

A

ABSENT SPLENOMEGALY

25
Q

hypercellular marrow w increased blstsa

A

myeloprolifearitve disorders : 1 myelfoibrosis

26
Q

pancytopenia; proteinuria, rbc cast

A

SLE

27
Q

primary myelofibrosis and myelodysplastic syndrome commonly seen in pt’s over

A

50

28
Q

causes activating mutation

A

proto oncogene

29
Q

loss of function mutation

A

tumor suppressor

30
Q

occult blood loss occurs in the

A

GI tract

31
Q

nonsamll cell lung cancer what type of bone lesiosn

A

osteolytic

32
Q

melanoma casues what type of bone lesiosn

A

lytic bone lesions

33
Q

erythematous itchy red breast rash

A

peau d’orange

34
Q

whole blood transufsions: many of them cause levation of ___ leading to hypocalceimia

A

citrate

35
Q

if you have a low RC count, can you have extramedulerythropoiesisi

A

no

36
Q

treatment of AIP

A

glucose or heme prp
downregulates ALA syntehsis

dextrose inhibits peroxisome proliferator activated receptor -gamma a transcirption factor that induces sytnehsis of Ala syntehase

37
Q

small lymphoid cells w cleaved nuclei

A

follicular lymphoma

38
Q

basophilic oval inclusions in mature neutrophils

A

dohle bodies seen in leukocyte alkaline phosphate reaction

39
Q

decreased neutrohils seen in

A

CML

40
Q

amniotic fluid emoblism dic

pregnancy:tissue factor maternal DIC

A

amnitofic fluid emoblis: hypotension; cardigoenic shock unlikeh tn seen in this pt

41
Q

solid and cystic component brain tumor

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

42
Q

BRCA1 and 2 involvedin

A

DNA repair (tumor suppressor geen

uworld (14 decks)

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