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neuro1 Flashcards

1
Q

hemorraghic inflammation of temporal lobes causes

A

elevated erytrhocytes in CSF

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2
Q

elevated protein , normal cell count

A

albuminocytological dissociation

GBS

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3
Q

increased potein increase erytrhocytes

A

Traumatic tap

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4
Q

binds to na channel keeping it open and causing persistent d epolarization

A

ciguatoxin, batrachotoxin

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5
Q

binds to na channels inhibitng na influx and preventing action potential conduction

A

tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin

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6
Q

quadriparesis; long standing RA

A

endotracheal intubation worsens subluxation caused by RA; compression of spinal cord

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7
Q

increased muscle rigidity w rhythmic interruptions

A

cogwheepl rigidity

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8
Q

cardiac embolism stroke vs hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

A

cardiac embolism storke would cause multiple infarcts within different major vascular territories

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9
Q

cannot do tandem walk

A

cerebellar dysfunction

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10
Q

R LGN impairment

A

contralateral homonymous heminaopsia

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11
Q

damage to supperior colliculs syptosm

A

upward gaze plasy
absent pupillary light reflex
impaired convergence

parinaud syndroem

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12
Q

beta pleated sheet resistant to proteasese

A

prion disease

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13
Q

microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells

A

hiv assoc encephalotapthy

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14
Q

intranuclear inclusinos within oligoodendcoyrtes

A

PML

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15
Q

clasp knife spasticity

A

initial ressitance to passive extesnion followed by sudden release of resistance; seen in UMN lesion

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16
Q

what type of stroke caues clasp knife spatisicty

A

internal capsule stroke

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17
Q

extracellular fibrillar protein accumulation

A

amyloid

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18
Q

intracellular edema caused by impaired function of atp dependent sodium ptoassium pumps on neuroenal cell membarnaes

A

cytoxic edema

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19
Q

extraceullar edema caused by increased vascular permeability due to effects of pro inflammatory cytokines

A

vasogenic edema

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20
Q

spinal accessory nerve is a pure

A

motor fiber

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21
Q

motor nerve that passes thorugh posterior triangel of neck to innervate

A

SCM and trapezius

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22
Q

elevate scapula, rotate upward, stablizie shoulder

impaired abudciton of arm above horizontal

A

trapezius

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23
Q

drooping of shoulder

A

weakness of trapezius muscle

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24
Q

cerebellar hemisphers control ___extremities

A

ipsilateral

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25
Q

dysdiadochokinesia, limb dysmetria, and intention tremor

A

dys: impaired rapid alternagtive movements;

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26
Q

infraorbiatl nerve is a continuation of

A

maxillary nerve

runs along orbital surface of maxilla

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27
Q

ipsilaraterla down and out

A

ipsilateral posteri communicating artery

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28
Q

diabetic opthlamoplegia

A

down and out position
normal sized reactive pupil (unlike aneuryslmal compression of CN3: dilated pupil; loss of accmodation
ptosis

29
Q

elevated ICP in absencce of ventricular enlargement on imaging

A

pseudotumor cerebri

30
Q

anterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

contralateral motor and snesory deficits of lower extremities , behjavioral changes, urinary inctonince

31
Q

why is there a gradual onset of symptoms in subdural hematoma

A

venous bleeding is relatively slow

32
Q

granulomatous reaction against parasite within CNS

A

neurocysticercosis

33
Q

demylelination of peripheral nerves

A

charcot marie tooth

34
Q

feature that only the thoracic and lumbar sections contain

A

lateral gray matter honrs (intermediolateral cell columns)

35
Q

cuneate fasciului above

36
Q

low trunk carries nerves from C8 and T1 that contribute to

A

median and ulnar nerves taht innervate intrinsic msucles of hand

37
Q

injury to lower trunk of brachial plexus

A

Klumpske plasy

38
Q

sudden upward stretching on arm at shoulder

fallign from tree, but breaking fall by grapping tree branch with right hand

A

lower trunk of brachial plexus

39
Q

interscalene nerve block anestehsists brachial plexus as it passes thorugh

A

scalene triangel; provide anesthesia for shoulder and upper arm

40
Q

interscalene nerve block causes transient ipsialteral

A

diaphgrapgmatic paralsysis by anastheseizing roots of phrenic nerve

41
Q

sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

42
Q

transmits gustatory sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue but not painful stimuli

A

chorda tympani branch

43
Q

trigeminal nerve exits brainstem at

A

mid pons at level of middle cerebllar peduncles

44
Q

located at rostral midbrain at level of superior colliculus and red nucleus

A

oculomotor nucleus

45
Q

caudal midbrain, exits dorsal midbrain below inferior colliciulus

A

trochlear nucleus

46
Q

pigmented brainstem nucleus located in posterior rostral pons near lateral floor of 4th ventricleq

A

locus ceruleus

proudces NE

47
Q

basal nucelus of meynert produces

48
Q

first line treatment for lead poisoning

A

edetate calcium disodium

49
Q

first line for iron overdose

A

deferoxamine

50
Q

myelin layer vacuolization

combined w degeneration of dorsal columsn and corticospinal tract

A

vit b12 defiicniecy

51
Q

abnormal myelin sythesis can be caused by

A

vit b12 deficinecy

52
Q

retinal hemorraghes seen in abusive head trauma or vit k defiicient newborn

A

abusive head trauma

53
Q

anterior limb of internal capsuel

54
Q

posteiror limb of internal capsule

55
Q

failure of fusion of neural plate edges during 4th week of fetal development

A

neural tube defect

56
Q

what controls horizontal eye movement

A

frontal eye field

57
Q

deep peronale nerve innervates

A

anterior comparmtent muscles of leg; which dorsiflex foot and toes
also senstaion to first and second toes

58
Q

lateral comparmten syndrome on foot

A

superficial branach of peroneal nerve; impaired foot eversion and sensory loss over lateral shin and dorsum of foot

59
Q

popliteal fossa vs tarsal tunnel

A

popiltael fossa: weakness of plantarflexion, inversion, toe flexion

tarsal tunel : sensory loss over sole w intrinsic foot muscle weakness

60
Q

deficits in 3, 4, 5 (opthalmic, max branches) and 6

infection of medial facie that spread

A

cavernous sinsu thormobses

61
Q

sensation to suprapubic and gluteal regions and motor function to anterolateal abdominal wall muscles

A

iliohypogastric nerve

62
Q

sensation to upper and miedial thigh and parts of external genitalia

A

ilioinguinal nerve

63
Q

sensation to lateral thigh

A

lateral femoral cuteanoues nreve

64
Q

acoustic neruoma can also cause what sypmotms

A

normally hearing loss; vertigo

but also can cause facial sensation loss facial paresis loss: V and VII run in close proxmiiti

65
Q

pitching : what nerve can be injured

A

musculocuteanous

from lateral cord of brachial plexus

66
Q

sensory innervation to lateral forearm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

67
Q

flexion of arm at eblow

supination of forearm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

68
Q

posterior arm and forearm receive snesory innervation from

A

raedial nerve

69
Q

loss of biceps reflex

A

msuculocuatnoesu nerve

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