Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phase 3b/finals > Renal/Urology > Flashcards

Renal/Urology Flashcards

1
Q

triad of haemolytic uraemic syndrome

A

AKI
haemolytic anaemia
thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CKD can lead to what complication that may cause fractures?

A

secondary hyperparathyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define AKI in terms of urine output

A

<0.5ml/kg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define AKI in terms of creatinine

A

creatinint rise of >26mmol/l in 48 hours

OR

50%+ rise in serum creatinitne to occur within the past 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which drugs should be stopped in AKI

A

NSAIDs
aminoglycosides
ACEis, ARBs
diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

treatment of hyperkalaemia

A

IV calcium gluconate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

treatment of hyperphosphataemia in patients with CKD

A

sevelamer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how to screen for diabetic neurpathy?

A

albumin:creatinine ratio (early morning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most common extra renal manifestation of ADPKD?

A

liver cysts

berry aneurysms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ABG in AKI

A

Metabolic acidosis with raised anion gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Maintenane fluids in children?

A

100ml per first 10kgs
50ml per next 10kgs
20ml for every subsequent kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?

A

minimal change disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

indications for dialysis

A

hyperkalaemia
acidosis
uraemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what drugs to stop in AKI

A

diuretics
ACE inhibitors
metformin
NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

blood results in haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

normocytic anaemia
thrombocytopenia
AKI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

potassium requirement for adults per day in fluids?

A

1mmol/kg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

water requirements for an adult in 24 hours?

A

25-30ml/kg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

risk of 0.9% normal saline in patients that require a lot of fluid?

A

hyperchloraemic mtabolic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when is hartmann’s contraindicated

A

in patients weith hyperkalaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

treatment of goodpasture’s syndrome

A

plasma exchange
steroids
cyclophosphamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is seen on renal biopsy in good pastures?

A

IgG deposits on the basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

antihypertensive that may cause hyperkalaema

A

ACEi

23
Q

how to move potassium from the extracellular compartment into cells?

A

insulin/dextrose infusion

nebulised salbutamol

24
Q

what is rhabdomyolisis

A

destruction of skeletal muscle

25
Q

Indication that kidney disease is chronic, not acute?

A

hypocalcaemia

26
Q

what do the kidneys look like on ultrasound in chronic kidney failure?

A

bilateral small kidneys

27
Q

why do patients with CKD get anaemic?

A

reduced erythropoetin

28
Q

prevention of ascites

A

spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist)

29
Q

adverse effects of spironolactone

A

hyperkalaemia

gynaecomastia

30
Q

haematrie following an URTI?

A

IgA nephropathy

31
Q

what is stage 1 AKI?

A

creatinine increase in 1.5-1.9x the baseline

or 6 hours reduced urine output

32
Q

what is stage 2 AKI?

A

creatinine increase 2-2.9x the baseline

or 12 hours reduced urine output

33
Q

what is stage 3 AKI?

A

creatinine increase 3x baseline

34
Q

what characterises diabetes insipidus

A

high plasma osmolality, low urine osmolality

35
Q

what does IV calcium gluconate do?

A

stabilising the cardiac membrane (when a patient is hyperkalaemic)

36
Q

Treatment of nephrotic syndrome/minimal change disease in children

A

oral steroids + urgent outpatient referral to paeds

37
Q

what infection are people who have had organ transplants most likely to get?

A

cytomegalovirus

38
Q

treatment of cytomegalovirus

A

ganciclovir

39
Q

what causes peritonitis secondary to peritoneal dialysis?

A

staph epidermidis

40
Q

HSP classic symptoms

A

rash, joint pain, abdo pain, haematuria

41
Q

treatment of rhabdomyolysis is?

A

rapid IV fluid hydration with normal saline

42
Q

most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults?

A

focal segmental glomeruloscerosis

43
Q

urine sodium is high in….

A

acute tubular necrosis

44
Q

urine sodium is low in….

A

pre renal uraemia

45
Q

rhabdomyolusis causes what to happen to the kidneys

A

tubular cell necrosis

46
Q

what is the effect on the parathyroid in CKD?

A

secondary hyperparathyroidism

47
Q

blood in urine weeks after infection?

A

post strep glomerulonephritis

48
Q

blood in urine days after infection?

A

IgA nephropathy

49
Q

why is there a risk of thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome?

A

loss of antithrombin III

50
Q

what happens to thyroxine in nephoritc syndrome?

A

low total thyroxine

51
Q

sterile pyuria and white cell casts indicate…?

A

acute interstitial nephritis

52
Q

causes of renal artery stenosis

A

atherosclerosis

fibromuscular dysplasia

53
Q

how is amyloidosis diagnosed

A

rectal biopsy

Phase 3b/finals (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions