Neurology Flashcards by Gabriella Marlow

What is the risk score for stroke following TIA?

ABCD2
Age > 60
BP > 140/90
Clinical features (weakness = 2, speech = 1)
Duration > 60 min = 2
Diabetes

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TIA initial management

300mg aspirin

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Treatment of myasthenia gravis

pyridostigmine

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Pyridostigmine mechanism

long acting anticholinesterase inhibitor

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What vessels damaged cause subdural haemorrhage?

briding veins

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Epidural haemorrgae from which vessel?

middle meningeal artery

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what are Jacksonian movements?

Clonic movements that travel proximally

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Which lobe is affected if you see jacksonian movements (clinc movements which travel proximally)?

frontal lobes

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what are temporal lobe seizures associated with?

aura
lip smacking
clothes plucking

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what are parietal lobe seizures associated with?

sensory abnormalities

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What is wenicke’s aphasia?

limited comprehension, speech fluent but makes no sense

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Where in the brain is wernicke’s area?

superior temporal gyrus

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What vessel supplies wenricke’s area?

inferior left middle cerebral artery

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what is broca’s aphasia?

Expressive; patient can understand but not speak

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Where is brocas area?

inferior frontal gyrus

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What vessel supplies broca’s area?

superior left middle cerebral artery

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investigation of suspected stroke

non contrast CT

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cancers common in myasthenia gravis?

thymomas

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4 features of neurleptic malignant syndrome

rigidity
hyperthermia
autonomic instability
confusion

what is the treatment for an acute relapse of MS?

high dose steroids

what is found in the CSF in MS?

oligoclonal bands

blood test result in neuroleptic malignant syndrome

raised creatinine kinase, raised white cell count

what drugs can precipitate myasthenia crises?

bisprolol

investigation of acousitc neuroma

MRI cerebellopontine angle

migraine prophylaxis

topiramate or propranolol

acute migraine treatment

triptan + NSAID + paracetamol

loss of finger adduction and abduction- which nerve is damaged?

ulnar

medical management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome includes?

dantrolene | bromocriptine

cerebellar vermis lesions lead to....

gait ataxia

a stroke where causes locked in syndrome

basilar artery

lower limbs more affected than upper limbs in a stroke suggests...

anterior cerebral artery

upper limbs more affected than lower limbs in a stroke suggests a stroke in...

middle cerebral artery

Describe weber's syndrome

ipsilateral III palsy (down and out) | contralateral weakness

Where is the infarct in weber's syndrome?

midbrain (brainstem)

wrist drop is caused by damage to the...

radial nerve

what medication can prolong life in motor neurone disease?

riluzole

what to give if a patient has been fitting for 5 minutes?

rectal diazepam 10mg

first line treatment of essential tremor

propranolol

what knid of dementia is associated with MND?

frontotemporal dementia

parkinson symptoms + autonomic instability =

multi system atrophy

homonymous hemianopia with macula sparing indicates a lesion in the...

occipital cortex

1st line management of ocular myasthenia gravis

pyridostigmine

prophylaxis of cluster headaches

verapamil

how are demyelinatong lesions viewed?

MRI with contrast

treatment for focal seizures

carbamazepine

first line treatment for absence seizures

sodium valproate