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Phase 3b/finals > Orthopaedics 2 > Flashcards

Orthopaedics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Erb’s palsy, which nerves?

A

C5-C6

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2
Q

Humeral neck fracture may damage which nerve?

A

Axillary

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3
Q

Medial epicondyle fracture damages which nerve?

A

Ulnar

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4
Q

Motor component of femoral nerve

A

Knee extension, thigh flexion

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5
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

damage to the:

  • anterior cruciate ligament
  • medial collateral ligament
  • meniscus
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6
Q

Twisting injury is most likely to damage the…

A

anterior cruciate ligament

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7
Q

Dashboard injury is most likely to damage the…

A

posterior cruciate ligament

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8
Q

Skiing injusries are most likely to tear what in the knee

A

medial collateral ligament

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9
Q

Motor component of the femoral nerve

A

knee extension, thigh flexion

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10
Q

Motor component of the obturator nerve

A

thigh adduction

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11
Q

What areas does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply?

A

Later and posterior surface of the thigh

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12
Q

What areas does the femoral nerve supply sensation to?

A

anterior and medial aspect of the thigh

lower leg

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13
Q

Motor component of the tibial nerve

A

plantarflexion and inversion of the foot

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14
Q

Sensory innervation from tibial nerve?

A

Sole of foot

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15
Q

Posterior knee dislocation may damage which nerve

A

tibial nerve

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16
Q

anterior hip dislocation may damage which nerve?

A

obturator nerve

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17
Q

hip and pelvic fractures or stab wounds may damage which nerve?

A

femoral nerve

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18
Q

Motor innervation of the superior gluteal nerve?

A

hip abduction

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19
Q

Positive trendelenburg sign shows injury to which nerve?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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20
Q

Motor component of the common peroneal nerve

A

dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot

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21
Q

Injury to which nerve causes foot drop?

A

Common Peroneal Nerve

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22
Q

Injury to which nerve causes wrist drop?

A

Radial nerve

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23
Q

A winged scapula is a result of damage to the…

A

Long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

Fractured neck of humerus damages the…

A

Axillary nerve

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25
Claw hand following medial epicondyle fracuter?
Ulnar nerve
26
Hip extension and lateral rotation.. which nerve?
Inferior gluteal nerve
27
Claw hand and hyperextended wrist occur as a result to injury of...
Lower trunk of brachial plexus: C8-T1
28
What nerve may be damaged during a masectomy
long thoracic nerve
29
If frax score is >10% what do you do?
Arrange a DEXA scan
30
Short externally rotated hip indicates
hip fracture
31
Internally rotated thigh indicates
Hip dislocation
32
What test is positive if there is a meniscal tear?
Thessaly's test
33
Classic sign of a hip fracture
short externally rotated leg
34
Management of displaced hip fracture in young and fit
reduction and internal fixation
35
management of displaced hip fracture in older/reduced mobility
hemiarthroplasty or total hip replacement
36
management of extracapsular hip fracture
dynamic hip screw
37
How would you get colle's fracture?
Falling onto outstretched hand
38
What is colle's fracture?
transverse fracture of the radius
39
What kind of fracture would you get if you fell backwards onto outstretched hands?
Smith's fracture
40
If you punch someone with a bent thumb what fracture do you get?
Benett's fracture
41
1st line treatment for lower back pain
NSAIDs
42
Advice for lower back pain
exercise, self management
43
Who should be assessed for risk of fragility fracture?
Women > 65 | Men > 75
44
risk factors for achiles tendonitis
``` quinolone use (e.g. ciprofloxacin) hypercholeserolaemi ```
45
How to diagnose achiles tendon rupture
simmond's triad
46
what is in simmond's triad of tests
calf squeeze angle of detonation gap
47
investigation of avascular necrosis of the hip
MRI
48
Describe the typical presentation in syringomyelia
Patient with loss of pain and temp sensation on the neck and arms
49
Which tracts are affected in syringomyelia?
spinothalamic
50
What does the hand look like in COlle's fracture?
Dinner fork deformity
51
How is spinal stenosis diagnosed?
MRI
52
lower back pain which is worse on walking?
Spinal stenosis
53
Weakness in knee extension, loss of the patella reflex, numbness of the thigh?
Damaged femoral nerve
54
Weakness in knee flexion and foot movements, pain and numbness from gluteal region to ankle
sciatic nerve damage
55
Weakness in hip adduction, numbness over the medial thigh
obturator nerve damage
56
What muscle wastes in carpal tunnel
thenar eminence
57
Extracapsular hip fracture treatment
dynamic hip screw
58
old age, reduced mobility, displaced intracapsular fracture
hemiarthoplasty
59
most common cuase of osteomelitis
staph aureus
60
teenage girl with pain walking up and down stairs
chondromalacia patellae
61
sporty teen with tenderness over the tibial tubercle
osgood-schlatter disease
62
Which nerve may be damaged in posterior hip dislocatino?
Sciatic nerve
63
Where does the common peroneal nerve branch from?
Sciatic nerve
64
What movement is especially impaired in frozen shoulder/adhesive capsulitis?
External rotation
65
Most common fractures causing comparntment syndrome>?
supracondylar fractures and tibial shaft injuries
66
comparntment syndrom X ray finding
nothing
67
treatment of compartment syndrome
fasciotomy
68
who is not suitable for total hip replacements?
patients with decreased mobility
69
Describe Monteggia's fracture
fractured ulna | dislocation of proximal radioulnar joint
70
describe geleazzi's fracture
radial fracture with distal radioulnar joint dislocattion
71
Red flags for lower back pain
- Middle of spine - previous cancer - <20, >50 years - pain at night - history of trauma - systemically unwell
72
most common site of osteomyelitis in children
metaphysis
73
most common site of osteomyelitis in adults
epiphysis
74
treatment of osteomyelitis
6 weeks flucloxacillin
75
Describe Garden classification of NOF fractures
1. Partial fracture 2. Full fracture, no displacement 3. Full fracture, some displacement 4. Full fracture, fully displaced
76
Gradual swelling of the knee after injury indicates...
meniscal injury
77
Rapid joint swelling of the knee after injury indicates...
anterior/posterior cruciate ligament
78
X ray sign of supraspinatus tendonitis
calcification of supraspinatus tendon (small dot next to humeral head)
79
classic symptom of supraspinatus tendonitis
painful arc
80
what innervates the triceps (nerve and root)
radial, C7
81
What is exacerbated by walking on tiptoes?
plantar fasciitis
82
where is plantar fasciitis most painful?
Medial calcaneal tuberosity
83
What nerve may be damaged in anterior shoulder dislocatioun?
Axillary
84
Initial sign of compartment syndromeq
pain on passive stretching
85
shortened and internally rotated leg following trauma indicates
posterior dislocation of the hip
86
analgesia for hip fracture
iliofascial nerve block
87
the median nerve passes through the
flexor retinaculum
88
which imaging is best for meniscal tears
MRI
89
imaging of choice for osteomyelitis
MRI
90
triad of fat embolism syndrome
hypoxaemia neurological abnormalities petichial rash
91
L5 radiculopathy gives
weakness of hip abduction | foot drop
92
What deformity may be seen on X-ray in someone with repeated anterior shoulder dislcations
Hill-Sachs deformity

Phase 3b/finals (19 decks)

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