ENT Flashcards
Which test is Rinne’s?
Putting the tuning fork on the mastoid vs air
What is Weber’s test?
Tuning fork in the middle of the head
What bug can cause otitis externa?
Pseudomonas
Treatment for otitis externa
microsuction and topical antibiotics
What virus causes ramsay-Hunt syndrome?
varicella zoster
Severe pain, facial nerve palsy and hearing loss is indicative of…
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Describe the symptoms of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
- Severe pain
- Facial nerve palsy
- Hearing loss
What are the complications of malignant/necrotising otitis externa?
meningitis
cerebral abscess
Who is at risk in malignant/necrotisin otitis externa?
Diabetic and elderly
Episodic vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitis and “aural fullness” are symptoms of…
Meniere’s Disease
Describe the symptoms of meniere’s disease:
- episodic vertigo
- Tinnitus
- Hearing loss
- Aural fullness
What is the Dix-Hallpike manoevre?
The investigation of choice for BPPV
What manoeuvre treats BPPV?
Epley manoeuvre
What is the difference between viral labyrynthitis and vestibular neuronitis?
in Viral Labyrynthitis, hearing may be affected, whereas there is no hearing loss in vestibular neuronitis
Give a sign of acoustic neuroma
Absent corneal reflex
Neurofibromatosis is associated with…
Bilateral acousitc neuroma
What are signs of viral labyrnithitis?
Nystagmus, gait disturbance and sensorineural hearing loss.
Name a condition associated with intranasal polyposis
Cystic fibrosis
What is a serious complication of sinusitis?
Periorbital cellulitis and cerebral abscess
How to differentiate between viral and bacterial tonsilitis?
CENTOR Criteria
How is infectious mononucleosis diagnoses?
Monospot test
If a neck lump moves when the tongue is protruded, what is it?
Thyroglossal cyst
A congenital lymphatic lesion found on one side of the neck
Evident at birth and before 2 years of age is likely to be…
cystic hygroma
What is the prominent symptom in meniere’s disease?
Vertigo
How long do episodes last in meniere’s disease@?
minutes to hours
Treatment of ramsay-hunt syndrome?
oral acyclovir and corticosteroids
Classical history of acoustic neuroma
- vertigo
- Hearing loss
- Tinnitus
- Absent corneal reflex
Gold standard investigation of acoustic neuroma
MRI cerebellopontine angle
Treatment of chronic viral labrythitis
vestibular rehabilitation exercises
rapid relief for severe viral labrythitis
prochlorperazine
What would you see on biopsy in branchial cysts?
Cholesterol crystals
Where are cystic hygromas located
posterior traingle of the neck
prevention of Meniere’s disease attachs?
betahistine
A discharging ear that won’t resolve and is foul smelling is suggestive of
cholesteatoma
No hearing loss in…
Vestibular neuronitis
Which antibiotic to treat malignant otitis externa?
Ciprofloxacin
Most common cause of otitis media
haemophilus influenzae
What do you do in sudden onset hearing loss?
Urgent ENT referreal + High dose steroids
How long does it take for a perforated ear drum to heal?
6-8 weeks?
first line treatment for bacterial otitis media
amoxicillin
What IS ramsay hunt syndromeq
Shingles of the facial nerve
Where do nosebleed’s usually come from
Kiesselbach’s plexus
