Renal/Respiratory Physiology Flashcards
What are the 2 types of nephrons?
Cortical (80%)
Juxta-medullary (20%)
What is the functional unit in the kidney?
Nephron
What hormones are secreted from the kidneys?
Erythropoietin and renin
What is the main function of the proximal convoluted tubule?
Reabsorption
What is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?
Most of bicarbonate and phosphate
60-70% of Na, K, and Ca
50% of H2O and urea
100% of filtered amino acids and glucose
The thin descending part of loop of henle is responsible for?
Concentrating urine (Trapping Na and Cl)
The thick ascending part of loop of henle is responsible for?
Diluting urine
What hormone acts mainly on the distal convoluted tubule to facilitate Na resorption and K secretion?
Aldosterone
Vitamin D acts on the distal convoluted tubule to facilitate Ca resorption and PO4 secretion in what form?
1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol (active form of Vit. D)
The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is primarily involved with what?
Blood pressure regulation
The macula densa (sensitive to salt concentration) is located where?
In the distal convoluted tubule near afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus
This is a peptide hormone produced by stretched atrial myocardial fibers and causes decreased Na reabsorption in the kidneys.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
What is the major acid-base buffer in the blood?
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Excess hydrogen ions are excreted as ______?
Ammonium (NH4+)
What are the 2 main organs that take care of acid-base balance?
Kidneys and lungs