Musculoskeletal Anatomy Flashcards
Which bone is the first to begin ossification?
Clavicle (also last to completely ossify)
Intra-cartilaginous ossification includes ALL long bones except the _______?
Clavicle
Zygapophyseal & acromio-clavicular are examples of what type of synovial joint?
Gliding (planar)
The 1st carpo-metacarpal joint is considered what?
Saddle (sellar)
In general, the articular surfaces of all synovial joints are covered by _____ ______?
Hyaline cartilage
What connects Haversian canals w/in bone?
Volkmann’s canals (supply nutrients and remove waste)
What part of cartilage has blood vessels?
outer layer called the Perichondrium
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
- Hyaline (most abundant)
- Elastic
- Fibrocartilage
Individual muscle fibers are surrounded by connective tissue called?
endomysium
What muscles are responsible for elevation of the temporomandibular joint? (Jaw)
temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid
What muscles are responsible for depression of the temporomandibular joint?
mylohyoid, digastric, lateral pterygoid
-Also realize that gravity plays a role
Innervation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
Axillary and suprascapular nerves
Abduction of the shoulder is initiated by ______ muscle and completed by the ________ muscle?
Supraspinatus (0-15 degrees)
Deltoid (15-90 degrees)
Whats the innervation to the sternoclavicular joint?
Medial branch of the supraclavicular nerves (C3) and nerve to subclavius
What muscles act to flex the elbow joint?
Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
What muscles act to extend the elbow joint?
Triceps and anconeus
Innervation to the elbow joint?
Radial and musculocutaneous nerves
The wrist joint is technically between what bones?
Distal end of radius, scaphoid, and lunate bones
The carpal bone that’s involved in the 1st carpometacarpal joint is the _____?
Trapezium
What hip ligament contains the central foveolar artery?
Round ligament of the head of the femur- in children only (absent in adults)
What muscle controls medial rotation in the knee joint?
Popliteus
What is the job of the ACL and PCL?
Prevent anterior and posterior movement of the tibia on the femur, respectively
Which of the menisci attach’s to a collateral ligament in the knee?
Medial meniscus
What nerve supply’s the tibiofibular joint?
Deep peroneal nerve (deep fibular)
Does inversion and eversion occur at the ankle joint?
No (only dorsiflexion and plantarflexion)
What 4 male reproductive parts arise from the Wolffian (mesonephric duct)?
Seminal vesicle, Epididymis, Ejaculatory duct, & Ductus deferens
S.E.E.D.
Sperm mature in the ________ and are then stored in the ________?
Epididymis, Ductus deferens
The corpora of the penis are enclosed within a fibrous sheath known as?
Buck’s fascia
What nerves innervate the penis?
Pudendal nerve (penile branch) and pelvic splanchnic nerves S2, 3, and 4
The Fallopian tubes are lined with what kind of cells?
Ciliated columnar epithelium
The ovaries are supplied by the ovarian artery which is a branch of what?
Abdominal aorta at L2 level
What is the Broad Ligament?
A double layer of peritoneum that covers the uterus and the uterine tubes like a sheet
The part of the broad ligament that contains the uterine tube is called?
Mesosalpinx
What is the subpubic angle in males compared to females?
Males- 45 degrees
Females- 85 degrees
