Renal physiology - Colombo Flashcards
What do the kidneys regulate
pH!, Blood pressure and blood plasma constituents
Which is more important in maintaining pH: Retaining HCO3- or excreting 1H+
Retainging HCO3
excreting 1 HCO3 is the same as adding 1 H+
T or F: Gluconeogenesis can occur in the kidnys
True
Is the renal cortex on the outside/inside of the kidney
Cortex: Outside
Medulla: Inside
What structures are found within the renal medulla
Renal pyramids, which contain renal nephrons (these are the filtration units)
What connects a renal pyramind to the renal pelvis?
Connected by a papilla
Where does filtration occur?
In the nephrons
Nephrons receive blood by the glomerular capillaries
Where does reabsorption/secretion occur?
Peritubular capillaries
What is the difference between Cortical nephrons and Juxtamedullary nephrons
Cortical - 70% Found in the cortical region (cortex) Short loop of henle
Juxtameduallary - 30% meduallary region, very long loops of henle that penetrate deep into medulla
Give the Urinary excretion rate formula
(filtration rate - reabsorption) + secretion
Why are large negatively charged proteins repelled from entering the glomerular capillary membreane
BC: the fenestrated endolthelium is negatively charged, thus repelling the proteins
Give the GFR formula
GFR = Kf x Net filtration pressure
Where is the macula densa found and what is its function
Found in the distal tubule and forms the Juxtaglomerular complex
NaCl detector!
When blood enters the proximal tubule, does it have protein?
NO! It was filtered out by the negatively charged fenestrated endothelium
What is the main function of the proximal tubule
H2O Reabsorption, by passive transport
Na+ Reabsorption
This is thanks to the Na+ concentration gradient
