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HFF - Exam III > Cellular & Molecular Genetics - German > Flashcards

Cellular & Molecular Genetics - German Flashcards

1
Q

What is a gene?

A

A region of DNA that controls a discrete hereditary characteristic, usually corresponding to a single protein or RNA

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2
Q

Where is the telomere found

A

On the ends of a genome

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3
Q

How many autosomes are in the genome

A

44 autosomes & 2 sex chromosomes

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4
Q

DNA in nucleosome form is called…..

A

Chromatin

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5
Q

In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

A

S phase

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6
Q

Which cell cycle do cellular contents become duplicated

A

G1

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7
Q

What does “DNA replication is semiconservative” mean

A

Basically means in the 2 new DNA strands, there is 1 new strand and 1 old strand

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8
Q

Which of the following places nicks in the DNA to relax coils?

  • DNA Polymerase
  • Topoisomerase
  • DNA Primase
  • DNA Helicase
A

Topoisomerase

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9
Q

WHich of the following creates new DNA?

  • DNA Polymerase
  • Topoisomerase
  • DNA Primase
  • DNA Helicase
A

DNA Polymerase

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10
Q

Which of the following creates RNA primers on the LAGGING strand?

  • DNA Polymerase
  • Topoisomerase
  • DNA Primase
  • DNA Helicase
A

DNA primers

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11
Q

In which direction does the DNA chain grow?

A

5—>3

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12
Q

Diploid cells are (mitosis/meiosis) cells

A

Mitosis

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13
Q

List the steps of Mitosis

A
  1. Prophase
  2. Prometaphase
  3. Metaphase
  4. Anaphase
  5. Telophase
  6. Cytokinesis
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14
Q

What is the main difference between Meiosis and Mitosis?

A

First, meiosis involves not one, but two cell divisions. Second, meiosis leads to the production of germ cells, which are cells that give rise to gametes. Germ cells are different from somatic cells in a critical way.

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15
Q

In which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to start reappear?

A

Telophase

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16
Q

What is an okazaki fragment?

A

Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication. They are complementary to the lagging template strand, together forming short double-stranded DNA sections.

17
Q

Define independent assortment

A

The Principle of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop.

18
Q

Define Recombination

A

The rearrangement of genetic material, especially by crossing over in chromosomes or by the artificial joining of segments of DNA from different organisms.

19
Q

When does genetic recombination occur in Meiosis?

A

Meiosis I

20
Q

In which phase of Mitosis do chromatids start to condense?

A

Prophase

HFF - Exam III (18 decks)

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