Pharm II - Fleckenstein

Question 1

Define a drug

Answer 1

ANything that changes the biologic function through its chemical actions

Question 2

Define a medicine

Answer 2

A subset of drugs used for therapeutic effects

Question 3

What is a xenobiotic chemical

Answer 3

Any chemical not synthesized in the body

Question 4

(Acidic/Basic) drugs are better absorped in the stomach

Answer 4

Acidic

Question 5

Lipid soluble drugs are an example of (passive/specialized) transport

Answer 5

Passive

Question 6

Name the 2 types of specialized transport

Answer 6

Active transport

Facilitated transport

Question 7

What is bioavalabilty

Answer 7

The fraction of unchanged drug reaching the systemic circulation following administration

Question 8

What is volume of distribution

Answer 8

The measure of the apparent space in the body available to contain a drug

Question 9

Drugs with high concentraions in extravascular tissue will have a high/low volume of distribution

Answer 9

HIGH

Question 10

What is volume of distribution used for?

Answer 10

To calculate half life

Question 11

What is half life

Answer 11

Amount of time it takes body to excrete 1/2 dosage of drug

Question 12

Why is cytochrome p450 important?

Answer 12

Key for drug metabolism, biotransformation and detoxification

Question 13

what are the 2 most common forms of cytochrome p450

Answer 13

CYP3A4 and CYP2D6

Question 14

Inducers (increase/decrease) the rate of drug metabolism

Answer 14

INCREASE

Question 15

Inhibitors (increase/decrease) the rate of drug metabolism

Answer 15

DECREASE

Question 16

Glucuronidation and Glutathione conjugation are part of what type of metabolism

Answer 16

phase II

Question 17

List some factors that affect hepatic drug metabolism

Answer 17

• Cytochrome p450 inhibition
• Microsomal enzyme induction
• Liver disease

Question 18

Cytocrhome p450 is part of (phase I 0r II)

Answer 18

Phase I

Question 19

True of false:

Phase II ALWAYS occurs after phase I

Answer 19

FALSE, Phase II can occur before phase I

Question 20

Why, during drug metabolism is the drug made to be more hydrophillic?

Answer 20

To make it easier to excrete (urine)

Question 21

How many 1/2 lives does it usually take to excrete a drug out of the body?

Answer 21

4.5 half lives (assuming 1st order kinetics)

Question 22

What is the difference between 1st order and zero order kinetics

Answer 22

1st order (10% at a time)

Zero order (constant rate)