Renal Disorders

Question 1

Kidney functions

Answer 1

• fluid and electrolyte balace
• acid base balance
• activates Vit. B, releases erythropoietin

Question 2

sudden interruption of renal function can be caused by

Answer 2

poor circulation, obstructions, or kidney disease

Question 3

renal insufficency

Answer 3

• poor fucntion of the kidneys that may be due to a reduction in blood flow to the kidneys
• decline of 25%

Question 4

kidney failure

Answer 4

• unable to filter waste products from your blood
• less than 10% remains

Question 5

both renal insufficency and kidney failure cause:

Answer 5

• uremia
• azotemia

Question 6

uremia

Answer 6

• urea and other waste products build up in the body because the kidneys are unable to eliminate them

Question 7

Azotemia

Answer 7

kidneys are no longer able to get rid of enough nitrogen wastes
- increased BUN
- blood urea nitrogen

Question 8

Pre renal failure

Answer 8

Impaired perfusion ( cardiac failure, sepsis, blood loss, dehydration, vascular occlusion)

Question 9

renal failure

Answer 9

Glomerulonephritis, small vessel vasculitis, acute necrosis (drugs, toxins, prolonged hypotension)
Interstitial nephritis (drugs, toxins, inflammatory disease, infection)

Question 10

post renal failure

Answer 10

Urinary calculia, benign prostatic enlargement, prostate or cervical cancer, urethral stricture/valves, meatal stensosi, phimosis

Question 11

prerenal failure causes

Answer 11

sudden and severe drop in blood pressure (shock) or interruption of blood flow to the kidneys from severe injury or illness

Question 12

intrarenal failure causes

Answer 12

direct damage to the kidneys by inflammation, toxins, drugs, infection, or reduced blood supply

Question 13

postrenal failure cuases

Answer 13

• sudden obstruction of urine flow due to enlarged prostate, kidney stones, bladder tumor, or injury

Question 14

acute kindey injury can be cuased by

Answer 14

myocardial infraction, hypotension, sepsis, shock, peritonitis, and extracellular depletion
Hospitilized patients:nephrotoxic medication, surgery, liver or heart failure, hemorrhage, burns, trauma or hypovolemic shock