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Jason's MD2 ED/Amb Rotation > Renal Calculi > Flashcards

Renal Calculi Flashcards

1
Q

which stones can be dissolved?

A

uric acid

cysteine

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2
Q

can you dissolve calcium stones?

A

Nope

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3
Q

renal colic where?

A

anywhere along loin to groin

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4
Q

right sided flank pain ddx?

A 
ovarian cyst
renal colic
testicular torsion
renal stone
appendicitis
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5
Q

physical signs its renal colic?

A

not tender on palpation

pain from loin/groin

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6
Q

location of pain for renal colic?

A

location of pain doesn’t tell you where stone is

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7
Q

CT KUB is?

A

Kidneys
ureters
bladder

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8
Q

CT for renal colic use contrast?

A

Non contrast because contrast and stones are both bright

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9
Q

difference between KUB abdo and abdo x-ray?

A

KUB gets the ureteric entrance to the bladder

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10
Q

why do plain abdo film in renal coli?

A

see if it’s radio-opaque (90%)

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11
Q

what is a phlebolith?

A

calcification in vein valve in pelvis

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12
Q

Initial management of renal colic?

A

morphine 10mg

metaclopramide 10mg

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13
Q

morphine alternative if allergy?

A

100mg pethidine

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14
Q

anti- emetics

A

chloproperazine
metaclopramide
ondansetron

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15
Q

alpha-blocker for renal coli

A

tamsulosin

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16
Q

extra pain relief for renal colic?

A

endocet suppositories

17
Q

who needs treatment immediately for renal calculi?

A
  1. ppl who have single kidney only (calculus anuria)
  2. febrile: urosepsis
  3. someone who’s not responding to pain relief
18
Q

where are the 3 thirds of ureter called?

A

upper third: lumbar

mid: SI joint
lower: pelvic ureter

19
Q

what to do on follow up?

A

How is pain?
take KUB x-ray or
CT KUB

20
Q

how long to give to pass their stone?

A

2-3 weeks

21
Q

lithotripsy used where?

A

bigger stone in kidney

22
Q

what to do for a very large stone in kidney?

A

percutaneous nephro PCNL

23
Q

what size of stones will pass?

A
24
Q

JJ stent for?

A

keep the ureter open to let it heal

25
Q

pH of someone’s urine with uric acid stones?

A

5

26
Q

someone with struvite, calcium stones urine pH??

A

7.5-8

27
Q

calcium oxalate stones like to form in what kind of pH?

A

pH independent

28
Q

how to dissolve uric acid stones?

A

increase the urine pH via:

  • bicarb
  • water to flush
  • allopurinol
29
Q

how to dissolve cystine stones

A

fluids
alkanizers
-D-peniccilamine

30
Q

how much water to drink is kidney stones?

A

look at the colour in the urine until it;s clar

31
Q

what’s the most useful biochem invesitagition fro calculi

A

stone analysis.

32
Q

dietary calcium vs. stones in Men?

A

more calcium actually less stones

33
Q

isolated calciuria matter?

A

nope

34
Q

Types of stones

A

Cysteine: Kids
Uric Acid
Calcium

Jason's MD2 ED/Amb Rotation (37 decks)

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