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Jason's MD2 ED/Amb Rotation > Hepatitis, Endo, Rheum Randoms > Flashcards

Hepatitis, Endo, Rheum Randoms Flashcards

1
Q

What are DAAs? for what?

A

Direct Acting Antivirals for Hep C.
Simeprevir
Sobosbuvir

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2
Q

what is a Fibroscan?

A

type of scan for grading hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis

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3
Q

why do Africans with Hep B at increased risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

possible past exposure with Aflotoxin from aspergillus contamination of grains which increases Hep B severity

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4
Q

what is trajenta?

A

metformin + DPP4 inhibitor

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5
Q

what is a -gliptin?

A

DPP4 inhibitors

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6
Q

what is Reandron?

A

androgen replacement IV injections 3/12

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7
Q

2 kinds of diabetes insipidus?

A

Central DI

Nephrogenic DI

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8
Q

cause of Nephrogenic DI?

A

lithium

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9
Q

how does sarcoidosis affect hormones?

A

through affecting the pituitary

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10
Q

what is replacement ADH called?

A

Desmopressin

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11
Q

How does lithium affect the thyroid?

A

inhibits thyroid hormone release, can cause goiter

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12
Q

what does CREST syndrome stand for?

A 
Calcinosis
Raynauds'
Esophageal
Sclerodactylly
Telengalectasia
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13
Q

What things are positive in Hep B chronic infection?

A

HBsAg

Anti-HBc

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14
Q

What is negative in chronic HBV infection?

A

No Anti-BHs

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15
Q

what is positive in Acute HBV infection?

what is negative?

A

HBsAg
Anti-HBc
IgM anti-HBc
negative anti-HBs

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16
Q

what is difference with HBV infection and immune vs. HBV immunization

A

Prev. Infection: +anti-HBc and anti-HBs, no HBsAg

Immunisation: +anti-HBs, and negative for HBsAg, and anti-HBsAg

17
Q

Main two Hep B Antivirals used?

A

Tenofovir

Entecavir

18
Q

where does uric acid come from?

A

breakdown of purines

19
Q

allopurinol inhibits which enzyme?

A

xanthine oxidase

20
Q

danger of allopurinol?

A

hypersensitivity in east asians, check HLA

21
Q

what should normal urate level be?

A
22
Q

why do humans get gout?

A

lost the gene for uricase that breaks down uric acid into allopantin

23
Q

standard treatments for gout?

A

NSAIDS
allopurinol
colchicine
aspirate to confirm

24
Q

describe pseudogout crsytals:

A

positively birefringent rhomboids

25
Q

describe gout crystals

A

positive birefringent needle crystals

26
Q

what is Familial MEditerannean disease?

A

hereditary inflammatory disorder in the MEFV gene: pyrin

treated with colchicine

Jason's MD2 ED/Amb Rotation (37 decks)

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