REMBE Electro Flashcards
Wavelength of short ultraviolet radiation
180-290 m♈️
Wavelength of long Ultraviolet radiation
290-400 m♈️
UV wavelength that will produce reticulo-endothelial stimulation
2900-4000 A
Law that states that the magnitude of radiation flux at any particular point of the skin depends upon the distance of that point from the radiating element.
Bunsen-Roscoe law of reciprocity
The major portion of radiation from long infrared is absorbed in the stratum
Corneum
The major advantage of infrared heat lamps
Increased local metabolism
The penetration of infrared radiation opinto the skin depends upon the
Wavelength
Percentage of infrared radiation of sunlight compared to UVR
60%
Luminous infrared
Tungsten filament
Penetrates as deep as 10mm into skin tissue
Short wave infrared
Primary effect of radiant energy on tissue is
Thermal
Mottled appearance on the skin after repeated heat radiation is called
Erythemia ab igne
The normal polar formula for a galvanic current
CCC-ACC-AOC-COC
Following peripheral nerve injury the chronaxie is increased or decreased
Increased
In iontophoresis, one should keep the current strength in relation to the size of the electrodes. Approx. what milliamperage of galvanic current may be used as a guide per square inch of electrode surface?
0.5-1
For each degree fahrenheit rise of body temperture, pulse rate will increase about how many beats
10 beats
Transmission of heat using hot bottled water
Conduction
Accdg to the temperature law of van’t Hoff. For every rise of 10 degrees celcius the rate of oxidation is increased for how many time?
2.5
Wavelength for long-wave infrared radiation
Apprx. 1500-12000 m♈️
Complications that may result from excess UV radiation
Impetigo
Herpes simplex
Telangiectasia
(All are dt increased susceptibility of the skin from infections)
Galvanic-tetanus ratio of normal muscle
10-12 to 1
Increase in the chronaxie of the ms signifies increase or decrease of ms excitability
Decrease
Area of the bofy that is most susceptible to UV rad
Face
Tungsten filaments as a source
Luminous infrared radiation
Whether local or general effects result from infrared radiation depends upon the
Intensity of radiation
The opposition offered by the electrical conductor to the flow of a current is represented by the
Ohm
Ion charge that is attracted to anode
Positive ion
Ion charge that is attracted to cathode
Negative ions
Duration of faradic impulse
0.01 of a second
Effect of Electrical stimulation to denervated ms
Maintains circulation
Positive charge ion that may be introduced into tissue c positive pole of direct current.except A.Copper B.Zinc C.Histamine D.Salicylic acid
D. Salicylic acid
-a negative ion
Histamine vz mecholyl
Mecholyl except
A.produces a more intense local counterirritation
B.deposited in deeper tissue layers of the skin and is more gradually absobed
C.systemic effects occur as a rule and more often
D.gives best results in jt affectations,peptic ulcer dse, and in varicose veins
A.
More intense local hyperemia dapat not a counterirritation
Galvanic-tetanus ratio of denervated muscle
1:1
Reciprocal of excitability
Chronaxie
Luminous infrared radiation source
Tungsten filament
Guide of dosage is erythemal response of px
Uv rAd
Standard skin burner distance of UV rad
30 inches
Ms is in partial reaction degeneration state
Response to a tetanizing(faradic) current
A.normal resp
B.diminished resp
C.no resp
D.brisk contraction
B. Diminished resp
Ms is in full reaction degeneration state
Response to a tetanizing(faradic) current
A.normal resp
B.diminished resp
C.no resp
D.brisk contraction
C. No response
Tetanus frequency of a denervated ms A.5-10/sec B.30-50/sec C.over 100/sec D.none of the above
A. 50-10/sec
Magnetron oscillator A. Short-wave diathermy B.US generator C. Low freq generator D.microthermy
D. Microthermy
-Mirowave diathermy
Best conductivity of all tissues to an electrical current A.skin B.tendon C.bone D.muscle
D.muscle
The only one that will respond
Dielectric substance
A. Device for storing an electrical charge
B. Good conductor of electricity
C. An electrolyte
D. Allows electrostatic induction across it
D
Full reaction of degeneration A.LMN lesion B.UMN lesion C. Recent CVA D. Long standing PNI
A.
Heating on an electromagnetic field
A. Produces eddy current in conductive substances
B. Is a so called current of capacity
C. is less effective in vascular type in tissue
D. Is by a conduction current
A.
High frequency(short wave diathermy) wavelength of 22 meters is A. 27.12 MHz/sec B.40 MHz/sec C.13.56 MHz/sec D.nota
C
High freq(short wave diathermy) wavelength of 11 meters
A. 27.12 MHz/sec
B.40 MHz/sec
C.13.56 MHz/sec
D.nota
A.
Contains a primary and a secondary coil
Faradic coil
Positive ion A. Iodine B. Histamine C. Salicylic acid D. Brass
B
Counterirritant effect produced by infrared rad
Desensitization of superficial sensory neve
Unit of power
poWer
A
T
T
SReaction degeneration following a PNI
Change in electrical reaction of the ms fibers
Pigmentation resulting from infrared rad
Mottled
Pigmentation resulting from UV rad
Homogenous
US causes the greatest rise in temp in tissue with
Protein
When using US cavitation occurs in which A. After laminectomy B. Carotid sinus C. Infected wound D. Plastic implants
A.
Occurs in the tissue layers when using ultrasound with higher than therapeutic intensity
Cavitation
Burning pain during US
Add medium
Wattage to Increase nerve conduction velocity
3 w/cm2
US effect on membrane permeability
Increase
Assymetrical alternating current A. Square wave DC B. Faradic impulse C. Sine wave D. Static wave
B
Rheobase current for denervated ms
Galvanic
Motor nerve sectioned, chronaxie A. Increase B. Decrease C. Remains unaltered for 1 week D. Undergoes longitudinal reaction
C
Dubois-reymonds law deals with A. Rheobase B. Chronaxie C. Intensity of stim D. Make-break law
C
Electrotonus causes the nerve irritability to A. Dec at cathode B. Inc at cathode C. Inc a anode D. Dec at anode
B
Uv rad at 2mm level what skin layer
Stratum cornium
UV rad
Intensity of rad varies inversely with the square of distance from the source
Inverse square law
Electromagnetic induction is discoverd by
Faraday
Current of electricity except
A. Heat is produced in all parts of the circuit
B. chemical action is produced by a direct current
C. Magnetic needle is deflected when brought near a circuit when the current is flowing
D. Very rapid alternating currents produce no chemical effects
D.
Hydrogen ions
Posi or nega charge
Positive charge
When testing for the polarity of a direct current generator the pole which causes most rapid bubbling is
A. Anode
B. Cathode
B.
When testing for the polarity of a direct current generator the pole which causes slow bubbling is
A. Anode
B. Cathode
A.
Peripheral nerve lesion, there is no reaction of degeneration Recovery will take place A. 2-4 wks B. 6-12 wks C. 6-12 mos D. It is a fxnal condition
A
Normal chronaxie value for skeletal ms. Except A. 1/1000 sec B. 1 sigma C. 1 millisec D. 1000 millisec
D.
Normal: 0.1-200 millisec
The minimal amount of current necessary to elicit a threshold contraction of a ms
Rheobase
Primary effect of UV rad
Photochemical
Clinical effect of mild general body heating
Dec blood pressure
Inc pulse rate
Fxnal or hysterical paralysis will respond to A. Galvanic B. Faradic C. Both D. Neither
C
