Cardiovascular Cond. , Ax

Question 1

Clenched fist held over the chest dt chest pain

Answer 1

Levine sign

Question 2

Innervation of the heart what level

Answer 2

C3-T4

Question 3

Types of angina

Answer 3

1. Chronic stable angina (“Predictable angina”)
2. Unstable angina (“Pre-infarction angina/Progressive angina/cresendo angina”)
3. Nocturnal angina
4. Prinzmetal angina (“Variant angina”)

Question 4

Type of angina that occurs during physical exertion or emotional stress

Answer 4

Chronic stable angina or Predictable angina

Question 5

Type of angina that responds to rest and nitrates

Answer 5

Chronic stable anginal or Predictable angina

Question 6

NITRATES
Mode of administration?
Maximal intake?
Interval?
Effect?
Precaution?

Answer 6

Sublingual
3 tablets
5 mins
Vasodilation
Orthostatic hypotension

Question 7

Type of angina that is contraindicated to exercise because it doesnt respond to rest and nitrates

Answer 7

Unstable angina or Pre-infarction angina or Progressive angina or crescendo angina

Question 8

Exertion caused by dreams and common to CHF

Answer 8

Nocturnal angina

Question 9

Type of angina that is purely dt vasospasm of coronary artery and more common in women

Answer 9

Prinzmetal angina

Question 10

Signs and symptoms of heart dse

Answer 10

1. Chest pain
2. Palpitations
3. Dyspnea
4. Cardiac syncope/fainting
5. Cyanosis of lips toes and nailbeds
6. Fatigue

Question 11

Secondary to athero sclerosis affecting the entire coronary artery
A progressive dse

Answer 11

Coronary artery dse(CAD) or ischemic heart dse

Question 12

Death of the myocardium

TRUE MI

Answer 12

Myocardial infarction or coronary occlusion

Question 13

Characteristics of a TRUE MI

Answer 13

ST segment elevation

Increase cardiac enzymes

Question 14

Inability of the ventricles to contract effectively

Most serious complication of myocardial infarction

Answer 14

Congestive heart failure or Cardiac decompensation

Question 15

Inflammation of the heart covering

Answer 15

Pericarditis

Question 16

Reliving factor/positions in pxs with pericarditis

Answer 16

Kneeling on all 4s(quadruped)
Leaning forward

-decreasing the cardiac work load

Question 17

Constriction of proximal and distal aorta which increases BP esp. In the UE

Answer 17

Coarctation of aorta

Question 18

Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta during fetal stage.

Answer 18

Ductus arteriosus

Question 19

Tetralogy of fallot(TOF)

Answer 19

Pulmonary artery stenosis
Overriding of the aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy “cor pulmonale”

Question 20

True blue baby

Answer 20

Tetralogy of fallot(TOF)

Question 21

Inability of the valves to open fully

Answer 21

Stenosis

Question 22

Blood passes c difficulty

Answer 22

Stenosis

Question 23

Inability of the valves to close fully

Answer 23

Insufficiency or Regurgitation

Question 24

Theres a sudden back flow of blood

Answer 24

Insufficiency or regurgitation

Question 25

Excessive bulging of the cusp of the valve

Answer 25

Prolapse

Question 26

Most common valve that prolapse

Answer 26

Mitral or bicuspid valve

Question 27

Mitral or bicuspid valve prolapse other names

Answer 27

Barlows syndrome Floppy valve syndrome Click murmur

Question 28

1st cardiac enzyme to rise during heart attack

Answer 28

CK-MB ( creatine kinase - myocardial band ) 12-24 hrs

Question 29

Diagnostic tool that assess the size of the heart

Answer 29

Chest X-ray

Question 30

Diagnostic tool that assess the movement of the wall and the valves of the heart with the use of ultrasound

Answer 30

Echocardiogram

Question 31

Insertion of a catheter via the Femoral artery at the level of inguinal and injects cinefluroscupy dye For blood occlution

Answer 31

Cardiac catherization

Question 32

Injection of a radioactive agent at the peak of the exercise Uses treadmil

Answer 32

Thallium stress test or Nuclear stress test

Question 33

Insertion of a catheter that measures pressure inside the heart

Answer 33

Central line or swan ganz catheter

Question 34

Insertion of balloning tip catheter to remove accumulation of obstruction

Answer 34

PICA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Question 35

Chest pain radiates to L or R arm What nerve distribution

Answer 35

L arm | Ulnar nerve distribution

Question 36

Cardiac syncope

Answer 36

Fainting

Question 37

Stimulates LDL receptors

Answer 37

Decrease estrogen

Question 38

Single leg edema is caused by

Answer 38

PVD

Question 39

Aggraviating factors for pericarditis

Answer 39

Trunk movements | Esp. Side to side