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FEB 2019 PTRP > Cardiovascular Cond. , Ax > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Cond. , Ax Flashcards

1
Q

Clenched fist held over the chest dt chest pain

A

Levine sign

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2
Q

Innervation of the heart what level

A

C3-T4

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3
Q

Types of angina

A
  1. Chronic stable angina (“Predictable angina”)
  2. Unstable angina (“Pre-infarction angina/Progressive angina/cresendo angina”)
  3. Nocturnal angina
  4. Prinzmetal angina (“Variant angina”)
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4
Q

Type of angina that occurs during physical exertion or emotional stress

A

Chronic stable angina or Predictable angina

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5
Q

Type of angina that responds to rest and nitrates

A

Chronic stable anginal or Predictable angina

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6
Q 
NITRATES
Mode of administration?
Maximal intake?
Interval?
Effect?
Precaution?
A 
Sublingual
3 tablets
5 mins
Vasodilation
Orthostatic hypotension
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7
Q

Type of angina that is contraindicated to exercise because it doesnt respond to rest and nitrates

A

Unstable angina or Pre-infarction angina or Progressive angina or crescendo angina

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8
Q

Exertion caused by dreams and common to CHF

A

Nocturnal angina

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9
Q

Type of angina that is purely dt vasospasm of coronary artery and more common in women

A

Prinzmetal angina

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10
Q

Signs and symptoms of heart dse

A
  1. Chest pain
  2. Palpitations
  3. Dyspnea
  4. Cardiac syncope/fainting
  5. Cyanosis of lips toes and nailbeds
  6. Fatigue
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11
Q

Secondary to athero sclerosis affecting the entire coronary artery
A progressive dse

A

Coronary artery dse(CAD) or ischemic heart dse

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12
Q

Death of the myocardium

TRUE MI

A

Myocardial infarction or coronary occlusion

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13
Q

Characteristics of a TRUE MI

A

ST segment elevation

Increase cardiac enzymes

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14
Q

Inability of the ventricles to contract effectively

Most serious complication of myocardial infarction

A

Congestive heart failure or Cardiac decompensation

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15
Q

Inflammation of the heart covering

A

Pericarditis

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16
Q

Reliving factor/positions in pxs with pericarditis

A

Kneeling on all 4s(quadruped)
Leaning forward

-decreasing the cardiac work load

17
Q

Constriction of proximal and distal aorta which increases BP esp. In the UE

A

Coarctation of aorta

18
Q

Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta during fetal stage.

A

Ductus arteriosus

19
Q

Tetralogy of fallot(TOF)

A

Pulmonary artery stenosis
Overriding of the aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy “cor pulmonale”

20
Q

True blue baby

A

Tetralogy of fallot(TOF)

21
Q

Inability of the valves to open fully

A

Stenosis

22
Q

Blood passes c difficulty

A

Stenosis

23
Q

Inability of the valves to close fully

A

Insufficiency or Regurgitation

24
Q

Theres a sudden back flow of blood

A

Insufficiency or regurgitation

25
Q

Excessive bulging of the cusp of the valve

A

Prolapse

26
Q

Most common valve that prolapse

A

Mitral or bicuspid valve

27
Q

Mitral or bicuspid valve prolapse other names

A

Barlows syndrome
Floppy valve syndrome
Click murmur

28
Q

1st cardiac enzyme to rise during heart attack

A

CK-MB ( creatine kinase - myocardial band ) 12-24 hrs

29
Q

Diagnostic tool that assess the size of the heart

A

Chest X-ray

30
Q

Diagnostic tool that assess the movement of the wall and the valves of the heart with the use of ultrasound

A

Echocardiogram

31
Q

Insertion of a catheter via the Femoral artery at the level of inguinal and injects cinefluroscupy dye

For blood occlution

A

Cardiac catherization

32
Q

Injection of a radioactive agent at the peak of the exercise

Uses treadmil

A

Thallium stress test or Nuclear stress test

33
Q

Insertion of a catheter that measures pressure inside the heart

A

Central line or swan ganz catheter

34
Q

Insertion of balloning tip catheter to remove accumulation of obstruction

A

PICA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

35
Q

Chest pain radiates to
L or R arm
What nerve distribution

A

L arm

Ulnar nerve distribution

36
Q

Cardiac syncope

A

Fainting

37
Q

Stimulates LDL receptors

A

Decrease estrogen

38
Q

Single leg edema is caused by

A

PVD

39
Q

Aggraviating factors for pericarditis

A

Trunk movements

Esp. Side to side

FEB 2019 PTRP (29 decks)

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