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Psychology 1 > Religion Test 1 > Flashcards

Religion Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Asceticism

A

Life detached from worldly comforts.

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2
Q

Aryans

A

Indo-European pastoral invaders of many European and Middle Eastern agricultural cultures during 2nd millennium BCE.

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3
Q

Rishi

A

Hindu Sage.

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4
Q

Gayatrimantra

A

The daily Vedic prayer of upper-caste Hindus.

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5
Q

Soma

A

Deity of and an intoxicating drink used by early Hindu worshippers.

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5
Q

Deva

A

A deity.

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6
Q

Indra

A

Old Vedic thunder god in the Hindu tradition.

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7
Q

Ushas

A

Goddess of dawn.

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8
Q

Brahmanas

A

The portion of Hindu Vedas concerning rituals.

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9
Q

Upanishads

A

Philosophical part of the Vedas in Hinduism, intended only for serious seekers.

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10
Q

Atman

A

Soul

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10
Q

Brahman

A

Impersonal Ultimate Principle in Hinduism.

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11
Q

Samsara

A

Wordly cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.

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12
Q

Moksha

A

Liberation from worldly cycle of reincarnation.

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13
Q

Brahmin

A

Member of priest caste in Hinduism, top caste.

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14
Q

Bhakti

A

Intense devotion to a personal manifestation of Supreme Reality.

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15
Q

Puranas

A

Hindu Scriptures composed to popularize the abstract truths of the Vedas through stories about historical and legendary figures.

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16
Q

Ramayana

A

Hindu epic about Prince Rama, defender of good.

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17
Q

Mahabharata

A

Long epic that includes the Bhagavad-Gita.

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18
Q

Mantra

A

Sound/phrase chanted to evoke sound vibration of one aspect of creation/to praise a deity.

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19
Q

Shakta

A

Worshipper of the divine in female form.

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20
Q

Shaiva

A

Follower of Shiva.

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21
Q

Vaishnava

A

Worshipper of Vishnu or one of his manifestations, like Krishna.

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22
Q

Shakti

A

Female divine power.

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23
Q

Devi

A

Goddess in all her forms.

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24
Q

Durga

A

The Great Goddess as destroyer of evil, and sometimes as shakti of Shiva.

25
Q

Kali

A

Destroying and transforming Mother of the World.

26
Q

Lakshimi

A

Consort of Vishnu

27
Q

Saraswati

A

Goddess of knowledge.

28
Q

Tantra

A

Sacred esoteric text with spiritual practices honoring the divine in female form.

29
Q

Kundalini

A

The life force that can be awakened from the base of the spine and raised to illuminate the spiritual center at the top of the head in Hindu yogic thought.

30
Q

Maya

A

Illusion of reality and the physical world.

31
Q

Agni

A

God of fire.

31
Q

Shiva

A

Supreme as lord of yogis, absolute consciousness, creator, preserver, and destroyer of the world; or the destroying aspect of the Supreme.

32
Q

Parvati

A

Shiva’s partner, daughter of the Himalayas.

33
Q

Vishnu

A

Kind and forgiving preservation aspect of the Supreme, reincarnating periodically to save the world.

34
Q

Advaita Vedanta

A

Nondualistic Hindu philosophy, in which the goal is the realization that the self is Brahman.

34
Q

Samkhya

A

One of the major Hindu philosophical systems, according to which the interaction of activity, inertia, and equilibrium governs the development of the world.

35
Q

Raja yoga

A

Mental concentration yoga.

36
Q

Jnana yoga

A

Intellectual effort as yogic technique.

37
Q

Karma yoga

A

Path of unselfish service.

38
Q

Bhakti yoga

A

Path of undying devotion.

39
Q

Sadhana

A

A spiritual practice, particularly in yoga.

40
Q

Sutra

A

A thread on which are strung jewels - the discourse of the teacher; in yoga, a sutra is a terse saying.

41
Q

Samadhi

A

In yoga, the blissful state of superconscious union with the Absolute.

42
Q

Asana

A

A yoga posture.

43
Q

Prana

A

Invisible life force.

44
Q

Chakra

A

Subtle energy center in the body, recognized in raja yoga.

45
Q

OM

A

The primordial sound.

46
Q

Ashram

A

Ascetic spiritual community of those who’ve gathered around a guru.

46
Q

Kshatriya

A

Warrior caste.

46
Q

Dalit

A

Lowest caste.

47
Q

Vaishya

A

Merchant/farmer caste member.

47
Q

Sannyasin

A

Renunciate spiritual seeker.

47
Q

Shudra

A

Member of the manual labor caste.

48
Q

Puja

A

Ritual worship.

48
Q

Guru

A

Enlightened spiritual teacher.

48
Q

Darshan

A

Visual contact with the divine through encounters with Hindu images or gurus.

48
Q

Hagiography

A

Idealized biography of the life of a saint.

48
Q

Sadhu

A

Ascetic holy man.

48
Q

Prasad

A

Blessed food.

48
Q

Secularism

A

Personal disregard of religion; government policy of not favoring any one religion.

48
Q

Havan

A

Sacred fireplace around which ritual fire ceremonies are conducted.

Psychology 1 (20 decks)

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