History Quiz 3.1 Flashcards
Who named the Arab peninsula
Greek historian Herodotus. Called it Arabia.
How big of a following did Muhammad gain in the first three years of his preachings
30 people
Where did Muhammad and his followers Retreat to
Yathrib, later known as Medina. The retreat was known as the Hegira.
Name of (a) chapter/s in the Koran
Sura/s
What clan was Muhammad from
Hashemite
What was the name of the first Muslim Community
Umma
How was leadership determined after Muhammad
it went between many people as he had no Sons back and forth through assassinations and overtaking was in political stuff. the first successor’s name was Abu Bakr, A relative of Muhammad, In a group known as the Umayyads.
How did the Arabs treat those they conquered
often times government was left alone conversion to Islam was voluntary though they would have to pay a tax if they were not Islamic.
Where did Arabic expansion end?
The Franks, now modern-day France, in the battle of Tours. This was primarily due to insubordinate naval warfare, which the Arabs then improved and conquered some islands with. They also use their Newfound water fairing abilities for trade.
Who were the Shi’ites?
a group led by Hussein, And separate from the Umayyads.
Where was the Abbasid capital city
Baghdad
Best known Abbasid caliphate ( leader)
Harun al-Rashid, also known as the uprights rained off and described as the Golden Age of the Abbasid. When Harun died his two kids caused a civil war that destroyed Baghdad.
Describe the party gap of the Abbasids
leadership tried to diminish it but only made it worse the leaders became more Kings than spiritual leaders which also brought them under more scrutiny
Seljuk Turks
Mercenaries who originally worked with the Abbasid but eventually decided to conquer them. this prove to possibly be a good thing however as they brought political stability and restored prosperity.
Control of Jerusalem passed back and forth between Christians and Muslims how did each group treat the citizens of Jerusalem
originally the Christian slaughtered much of the population but when the Muslims took it back they did not harm the civilians and even allowed them to keep their religion
The Mongols
Extremely brutal group that some eventually converted to Islam.
Andalusia and what happened to Andalusia
a country rule by Abd al-Rathman After the decline of Baghdad it was the brightest star of the Muslim group in Spain it flourished artistically and intellectually and mercantarily. religious freedom was allowed given that those who were not Islamic paid extra taxes.
Andalusia was conquered by Alfonso the 6th the Christian king of Castile. the Muslim rulers of Seville called on the Almoravids For assistance. while they did assist they also took over as well.
Avicenna’s encyclopedia
A medical textbook
What was the book of Kings
a 10 volume epic poem by the Persian poet Ferdowzi
Who was Rabe’e of Qozdar
First woman poet in Persia.
Who was the Persian equivalent of Shakespeare
Sadi
The great mosque at Cordoba
The Mezquita. Was originally Roman then Christian then Muslim then Christian and Muslim shared.
How is Muhammad to be portrayed
not through any physical or visual mediums
What is in the central Shrine of Ka’aba, and where is it?
a massive black meteorite in the city of Mecca
What does the Sahara divide
the northern coast of Africa and the rest of the continent.
What was the kingdom of Kiush
a major trading Kingdom
What was one of the most distinctive features of The Axumite’s?
Religion, originally followed Saba, then Christianity. Also eventually known as The Hermit Kingdom.
what is the Egyptian form of Christianity called
Coptic
What was Rhapta
A commercial metropolis port
Common fixture original African religion
pantheism which is belief in a single Creator God that may or may not have been accompanied by Pantheon of lesser deities
What was the religion of the people of Ghana also known as the Ashanti
believed in a Supreme Being called Nyame, who had three sons one was Rainmaker another was compassion and the third was for Sunshine. Worship of the father was permitted by Nobles and the common people worshiped his sons.
how did the Arabs expand into Africa
Arab forces Advanced to Egypt seized the Delta of the Nile River and brought two centuries of Byzantine rule to an end. space the Arabs lowered the high tax rate and ease the religious prosecution of Christians.
Arab rule gradually extended and while temporarily held off by the Berber people the former’s persistence eventually resulted in the entire North African Coast as far west as the Strait of Gibraltar under Muslim rule.
what was Ghana’s main export
gold.
Greatest Empire after Ghana And the name and deeds of its most powerful leader.
Mali, Mansa Musa , spread Muslim faith. gave away so much gold that Value depreciated for years.
Was Timbuktu’s main export
salt
What are autonomous Villages organized by Clans and ruled by local Chieftains called
non-centralized societies
how big was Zimbabwe
big enough to house over 10,000 residents.
Where did the Royal wealth of Zimbabwe leaders come from
primarily cattle and heavy gold tax
Why did Zimbabwe decline
over grazing of cattle
Statistics on African languages
one quarter of all languages are spoken there at five the major language families are there they also have the language of Khoisan, characterized by clicking noises.
Relationship between ruler and Merchant class in West Africa
the ruler was above the merchants but would often hold audiences to allow people to voice their complaints welcome visitors and had a symbiotic, mutually beneficial, relationship between the classes
How are Outsiders treated in African villages
sometimes they will be adopted into families
Name the non-traditional work role of some women in Africa.
Gold miners, due to smaller bodies.
Name some common components of African music
Call and response/crowd interaction, strong rhythm, integration of voice and instrument.
The earliest found surviving architecture form in Africa.
Pyramids.
Who developed the stelae, and what was it?
The Axum, and it was a large stone pillair to mark the tombs of dead kings.
Most famous stone buildings in sub-Saharan Africa.
Those of Zimbabwe, made without mortar.
Title of a professional African storyteller and oral history-keeper. Also advised the leaders through poetry.
Bard
The Epic of Son-Jara
One of the most famous West African poems, passed down orally through bards for 700+ years, and about the founder of Mali’s empire.
Who else held a role somewhat akin to bards?
Women did, storytellers who helped bond and keep the communities together.
