Chapter 2: Psychological Research Flashcards
Deductive Reasoning
Ideas are tested in the real world
Inductive reasoning
Real world observations lead to new ideas to test
Theory
Well-developed set of ideas that propose an explanation of observed phenomena
Falsifiable
Able to be disproven by experimental results
Case Study
Observational research study focusing on one or a few people
Naturalistic Observations
Observation of behavior in its natural setting
Surveys
List of questions to be answered by research participants, allowing researchers to collect data from a large number of people
Longitudinal Study
Study in which the same group of individuals is surveyed/measured repeatedly over an extended period of time
Attrition
Reduction in number of research participants that drop out of an experiment over time.
Correlation
Relationship between 2+ variables, one changes as the other does (normal/positive or inversely/negative)
Illusory correlation
Correlation, not causation
Confirmation bias
Tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas/beliefs
Inter-rater reliability
Measure of agreement among observers on how they record/classify a particular event
Double-blind study
Experiment in which both the researchers and the participants are blind to which group the participants are part of. (Control v experimental group)
Independent variable
Variable messed with by experimenter; difference between control and experimental group; ‘cause’ variable