Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Toxicology (Spring 2017) > Recreational Drugs > Flashcards

Recreational Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the clinical effects of amphetamine?

A
  1. Dilated pupils
  2. CNS stimulation (tremors, seizures)
  3. Hyperthermia due to the tremors
  4. Tachycardia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How would one treat amphetamine toxicity?

A
  1. Emetics, AC, cathartics
  2. Urine acidifiers (ascorbic acid)
  3. Sedatives (diazepam) for seizures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is mariguana a CNS stimulant or CNS depressant?

A

CNS depressant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is marijuana excreted from the body?

A

Via bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Marijuana is metabolized by liver _____ and _____.

A

Hydroxylation and oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most active cannabinoidal agent in marijuana?

A

Delta-9-THC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is marijuana lipophilic or lipophobic?

A

Lipophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Marijuana has a long half-life in which part of the body?

A

Adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: Plasma is a good sample to take to diagnose marijuana intoxication.

A

FALSE: Marijuana has a short half-life in plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Marijuana acts on receptors in the brain selective for what?

A

Cannabinoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The action of marijuana on brain receptors selective for cannabinoids causes the release of what?

A
  1. Norepinephrine
  2. Dopamine
  3. Serotonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Marijuana also interacts with acetylcholine, _____, opioid peptides, and _____.

A
  1. Histamines

2. Prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the clinical effects associated with marijuana?

A
  1. Euphoria –> depression
  2. Vomiting
  3. Dilated pupils
  4. Nystagmus
  5. Coma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

With a marijuana ingestion, what extra clinical sign might horses present with?

A

Colic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the time of onset for clinical signs associated with marijuana?

A

30-90 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the length of duration of clinical signs associated with marijuana?

A

Up to 72 hours

17
Q

How might one treat a marijuana ingestion?

A
  1. Emetics, AC, cathartics
  2. Doxapram to stimulate respiration
  3. Respiratory support
18
Q

What are the samples you might choose to use to diagnose marijuana intoxication?

A
  1. Urine

2. Stomach contents

19
Q

What is an alkaloid derivative of the coca plant?

A

Cocaine

20
Q

What does “crack-cocaine” refer to?

A

The pure form of the drug

21
Q

Does cocaine have a long or short half life?

A

Short half life

22
Q

Is cocaine rapidly or slowly absorbed?

A

Rapidly

23
Q

Is cocaine a CNS stimulant or CNS depressant?

A

CNS stimulant

24
Q

What are the clinical effects of cocaine?

A
  1. Cardiotoxicity
  2. Dilated pupils
  3. Tachycardia
  4. Depression/coma
  5. Seizures
25
Q

What clinical signs are associated with HIGH DOSES of cocaine?

A
  1. Ptyalism
  2. Fever
  3. Seizures
  4. Hypoglycemia
  5. Hyperthermia
  6. Hypertension
  7. Hyperesthesia
  8. Tachycardia
26
Q

How might one treat a cocaine intoxication?

A
  1. Emetics, AC, cathartics
  2. Control seizures (diazepam)
  3. Respiratory supoort
  4. Control arrhythmias (propanolol)
  5. Control hyperthermia
27
Q

What 3 samples might you take to diagnose a cocaine intoxication?

A
  1. Urine
  2. Plasma
  3. Stomach content
28
Q

What are the clinical effects of narcotics (opioid derivatives such as codeine, morphine, fentanyl, and heroine) in dogs?

A
  1. Ataxia
  2. Vomiting
  3. Hypotension
  4. Respiratory depression
  5. Seizures
  6. Miosis
  7. Coma
29
Q

What are the clinical effects of narcotics (opioid derivatives such as codeine, morphine, fentanyl, and heroine) in cats and horses?

A

CNS excitation

30
Q

How might one treat a narcotic intoxication, say in a dog?

A
  1. Emetics, AC, cathartics
  2. Respiratory support
  3. Naloxone
  4. Supportive care (fluid, seizure control)
31
Q

In what samples might you detect narcotics for diagnosis?

A
  1. Urine

2. Serum

32
Q

What are the clinical effects of ethanol?

A
  1. Emesis
  2. Respiratory depression
  3. Respiratory and cardiac arrest
  4. Ataxia/in-coordination
  5. Excitability/vocalization
33
Q

How might one treat an ethanol intoxication?

A
  1. Emetics, AC, cathartics
  2. Maintain ventilation
  3. Monitor acid-base, electrolyte, fluid balance
  4. Maintain body temp
34
Q

What are the clinical pathologic effects of xylitol?

A
  1. Hyperbilirubinemia
  2. Hypoglycemia
  3. Hyperphosphatemia
  4. Increased clotting times
35
Q

What 2 systems does xylitol effect?

A
  1. Hepatic

2. GI

Toxicology (Spring 2017) (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions