Reason For Development: Sudan

Question 1

How did Kitchener’s conquest of Egyptian Sudan culminate?

Answer 1

Battle of Omdurman and the fall of Khartoum in 1898

Question 2

What was Kitcheners conquest?

Answer 2

1896-98 and was intended to take over Sudan and revenge for General Gordon

Question 3

When was the Battle of Omdurman?

Answer 3

September 1898

Question 4

What battle happened in the September 1898?

Answer 4

Battle of Omdurman

Question 5

How was the fall of Khartoum reported in the daily mail?

Answer 5

‘Downfall of the worst tyranny in the world ’

Question 6

Who described the downfall of the Mahdist/ Khartoum in 1898 as the ‘Downfall of the worst tyranny in the world ’?

Answer 6

Daily mail

Question 7

How did many Sudanese react to the downfall of the Mahdist regime?

Answer 7

Welcome the downfall

Question 8

Why did the Sudanese welcome the downfall of the Mahdist regime in 1898?

Answer 8

The regime:
Destroyed the economy
Seen a decline of 50% of the population due to famine, disease, persecution and warfare

Question 9

Under the Mahdist regime, what percentage of the population died due to famine, disease, persecution and warfare?

Answer 9

50%

Question 10

Under the Mahdist regime, what happened to 50% of the population?

Answer 10

Died due to famine, disease, persecution and warfare

Question 11

How many years did it take the British to subdue the tribes in the South of Sudan?

Answer 11

30 years

Question 12

What side of Sudan did it take the British 30 years to subdue the tribes?

Answer 12

South of Sudan

Question 13

What did the British try to implement in Sudan?

Answer 13

Modern government:
Introduce new penal codes
Establish land tenure rules
Establish system of taxation for the first time in Sudans history

Question 14

When was Anglo-Egyptian Sudan established?

Answer 14

June 1899

Question 15

What was established in June 1899?

Answer 15

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

Question 16

What did the British try to establish for the first time?

Answer 16

System of taxation

Question 17

How did the Sudanese people react to the system of taxation that was implemented by the British?

Answer 17

Very angry as tribes refused to renounce their customs and pay taxation

Question 18

What kinds of feuds continued?

Answer 18

Inter-tribal feuds

Question 19

What was the impact to inter-tribal feuds continuing?

Answer 19

British response was using the heavy hand of the law

Question 20

How many harsh expeditions were mounted to force on tribesmen to follow new orders?

Answer 20

33

Question 21

Why were their 33 harsh expeditions?

Answer 21

Force the tribesmen to follow the new order

Question 22

When were there Mahdist uprisings?

Answer 22

1900
1902-03
1904
1908

Question 23

What area in particular experienced economic development under the British?

Answer 23

Nile Valley

Question 24

What happened to Nile Valley under British rule?

Answer 24

Experienced economic development under the British

Question 25

What happened to Northern Sudan under the British?

Answer 25

Railway lines to connect key areas in the North together

Question 26

What was the advantage of the railway lines built under the British?

Answer 26

Connect key areas in the North

Question 27

When was Port Sudan opened?

Answer 27

1906

Question 28

What was opened in 1906?

Answer 28

Port Sudan

Question 29

What role did port Sudan play (opened in 1906)?

Answer 29

Country’s principal outlet to the sea

Question 30

What was Sudan’s principal outlet to the sea?

Answer 30

Opening of Port Sudan in 1906

Question 31

What happened in 1911?

Answer 31

Joint government/ private initiative set up the Gezira Scheme

Question 32

When had the joint government/ private initiative set up the Gezira Scheme?

Answer 32

1911

Question 33

What was the role of the Gezira Scheme set up in 1911?

Answer 33

Provide high quality cotton for British textiles industry

Improvements in irrigation system

Question 34

What was set up to provide high quality cotton for British textiles industry and improve irrigation systems?

Answer 34

Gezira Scheme set up in 1911

Question 35

Under the Gezira Scheme, how many square kilometres were provided with irrigation in 1914?

Answer 35

24 square miles

Question 36

In what year did the Gezira Scheme allow 24 square kilometres of land put under irrigation?

Answer 36

1914