Reason For Development: Ireland Flashcards
How many Protestant counties were there in Ireland?
6
What religion dominated the South?
Catholicism, who wanted full independence
What religion had 6 counties in Ireland?
Protestant
What area was mainly Protestant?
North
What area was mainly Catholic, who wanted full independence?
South
What happened between 1912-13?
Home Rule Bill
When was the Home Rule Bill?
1912/13
What was the 1912/13 Home Rule Bill?
Bill granting Irish independence
What was the bill granting Ireland independence?
1912/13 Home Rule Bill
What happened at March 1914?
British soldiers at Curragh mutinied, refusing to take action to enforce Home Rule on the hostile North
When did British soldiers at Curragh mutinied, refusing to take action to enforce Home Rule on the hostile North?
March 1914
In March 1914, where did British soldiers mutiny?
Curragh
In March 1914, what happened at Curragh?
British soldiers mutinied, refusing to enforce home rule on the hostile North
Who was there fighting between in the south?
‘Ulster Volunteers’-Wanted to block domestic self-government for Ireland
‘National Volunteers’
How many deaths happened at July 1914?
Three and many casualties
In what month were there 3 deaths?
July 1914
What happened during the war?
Had to be suspended for the duration of the war
Characterise Sinn Felin (We ourselves):
Southern
Pro-independence
What was the name of the Southern Pro-independence organisation that rose during the war?
Sinn Fein (We ourselves )
What Sinn Fein do in Easter 1916?
Organised an unsuccessful rising in Dublin to overthrow the British
Who organised an unsuccessful rising to overthrow the British in Dublin in Easter 1916?
Sinn Fein
When did Sinn Fein organise an unsuccessful rising in Dublin to overthrow the British?
Easter 1916
Where did Sinn Fein have an unsuccessful rising to overthrow the British in Easter 1916?
Dublin
What happened in December 1918?
Sinn Fein won a majority of the Irish seats at Westminster in the general election
Who won the majority of the Irish seats in the December 1918 general election?
Sinn Fein
When did Sinn Fein win majority of the Irish seats in Westminister?
December 1918 general election
What happened to Sinn Fein in December 1918?
won majority of the Irish seats in Westminister
How many seats did Sinn Felin gain in the 1918 general election?
73 out of 105 seats
In the 1918 general election, who won 73 out of 105 seats?
Sinn Fein
What happened in January 1919?
Sinn Fein assembled in Dublin and proclaimed an Irish assembly. They declared an Irish republic
When did Sinn Fein assemble in Dublin in order to create an Irish assembly (First Dail)?
January 1919
Where did Sinn Fein assemble in January 1919 in order to declare an Irish republic?
Dublin
What did the Sinn Féin’s Irish republic army do?
Guerrilla war against the British
What was the British presence in Ireland?
Royal Irish Constabulary with the ‘Black and Tans ’
Who reinforced the Royal Irish Constabulary?
Black and Tans
Who were the Black and Tans?
Force of temporary police meant who were recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC). Many were WW1 veterans.
Who were the force of temporary police meant who were recruited to assist the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC)? Many were WW1 veterans.
Black and Tans
How did the Black and Tans gain their name?
Improvised the uniform they wore (mixture of British army khaki and RIC uniform of rifle green)
What was the impact of soldiers wearing a mixture of British Army khaki and RIC uniform of rifle green?
This is what led to the nickname of ‘Black and Tans ’
What happened on the 6th December 1921?
Anglo Irish treaty was signed
When was the Anglo-Irish treaty signed?
6th of December 1921
What did the December 1921 Anglo-Irish treaty do?
Created the Irish free state (Self governing dominion within the British empire)
Who opted out of the December 1921 Anglo-Irish treaty?
6 northern countries
How did the 6 northern counties react to the December 1921 Anglo-Irish treaty?
Used their legal right to opt out
What principal Irish leader did not accept the December 1921 Anglo-Irish treaty?
Eamon Del Valera
How did Eamon Del Valera react to the December 1921 Anglo Irish treaty?
Refused to accept the treaty
Why did Eamon Del Valera refuse to accept the December 1921 Anglo-Irish treaty?
Irish free state was not a republic
Treaty involves splitting up the country
What happened in 1923?
Civil war ended
What happened in June 1922?
Irish civil war began
When did the Irish civil war begin?
June 1924
What was the impact of the 1922-1923 Irish civil war?
Defeat of Valera and the republicans
Southern Ireland was treated as an area of supremacy
What area was treated as a place of supremacy as a result of the 1922-23 Irish civil war?
Southern Ireland
What happened in December 1931?
Statute of Westminster
When was the Statute of Westminster?
December 1931
What was the Statute of Westminster in December 1931?
Gave the south equality of status (basically able to govern themselves)
How did Valera react to the December 1931 Statute of Westminster?
Not satisfied and continued to protest
Who refused to attend the Imperial conference of 1937?
Valera
What conference did Valera refuse to attend?
Imperial Conference of 1937
How did Valeria turn Ireland into a republic?
Drew up a new constitution which turned Ireland into a republic Eire
What was Eires stance on World War Two?
Neutrality
What commonwealth country had a neutral stance on World War Two?
Eire
What happened in 1948?
Republic of Ireland act that separated Eire from the rest of Britain
When was the Republic of Ireland Act?
1948
What was the Republic of Ireland Act in 1948?
Separated Eire from the rest of Britain
What did the Irish show?
British imperialism can be challenged
What happened to the Irish under home rule?
Ireland would be given more chance to voice how they wanted to be governed but they would continue to remain apart of the UK
What was the result of the Act of Union 1800?
Ireland ruled from Westminister and lost its parliament
When was it established that Ireland would be ruled from Westminster?
Act of Union 1800
What was the impact of the threat of home rule?
Led unionists in Ulster to establish the Ulster Volunteer Force, which then promoted the formation of the Irish volunteers
Why was the Irish volunteers made?
Against the threat of home rule
What was the impact of the formation of Ulster Volunteer Force, which then promoted the formation of the Irish volunteers?
Undermined British rule in Ireland
What groups were behind the 1916 Easter rising?
Irish republican brotherhood
Irish volunteers
Irish Citizens army
What was the name of the leauge of women who helped with the rising?
Cumann na mBan, the leauge of Women
Why did they choose to rise during WW1?
England’s difficult position could be exposed and they could get what they wanted
Fear that there was dwindling Irish nationalism because the people supported the Irish parliamentary Party (who worked together with the British) and British war effort
What was drafted during the planning of the Easter rising?
Proclamation declaring the establishment of a republic
Where was the proclamation that was drafted during planning read?
Read to the public outside Dublin’s General Post
How many troops did the authorities originally have to fight with the Easter rising?
400
How many troops were there to fight the 1,000 insurgents in the Easter rising?
1,000
Where were casualties the highest?
Mount Street Bridge
What happened by Friday the 28th 1916?
18000-20,000 soldiers had been gathered to fight against the 1,600 rebels
When had 18000-20,000 soldiers had been gathered to fight against the 1,600 rebels?
By Friday the 28th 1916
What happened to the city centre once the 18000-20,000 soldiers had been gathered to fight against the 1,600 rebels?
Left destroyed by British artillery fire
How many people were killed?
450
How many rebels were killed?
64
How many were injured?
2.600
What did the British capture 3 days before the rebellion?
Shipment of German arms
What was the impact of the British capturing a shipment of German arms 3 days before the rebellion?
Failure on nationwide mobilisation
What was the impact of confusion on the Irish side?
Conflicting orders sent out to the Irish Volunteers
What was the ultimate aim of the Easter rising?
Change public opinion so in the long term, there would be independence. It exposed the opressive nature of British rule and would therefore shed a bad light on their rule and drive the feeling of nationalism
