Reason For Development: Nigeria Flashcards
What was the economic status of Nigeria after World War 2?
Prosperous
What did the creation of Nigeria constitute?
Artificial creation make up of diverse people and regions
Nationalism was more from pan-africanism then any sense of a common Nigerian nationality
What was the characteristic of Nigerian nationalism?
Nationalism was more from pan-africanism then any sense of a common Nigerian nationality
What was the characteristics of the North?
Islamic area under the emirs and nationalist sentiment was anti-Western
What area was Islamic under the emirs and nationalist sentiment was anti-Western?
North
What were the characteristics of the West?
Economically advanced
Ambitious community that sought independence
What area was economically advanced and ambitious community that sought independence?
West
What was the characteristics of the south?
Nationalism was more influenced by European ideas, professional organisations of teachers, lawyers an traders and independent Christian churches
What influenced southern nationalism?
European ideas, professional organisations of teachers, lawyers an traders and independent Christian churches
What was created in 1922?
Elected legislative council
When was an elected legislative council made?
1922
How many members were in the elected legislative council of 1922?
46
What was the name of the council that had 46 members?
elected legislative council of 1922
What was the impact of the elected legislative council of 1922?
Stimulate political thinking
Where did Nigerians serve in the wartime service?
Ethiopia,Palestine, Morocco, Sicily and Burma
What was the impact of Nigerians doing wartime service in Ethiopia,Palestine, Morocco, Sicily and Burma?
Reinforced the nationalism of younger generations (especially the educated intellectuals)
What reinforced the nationalism of younger generations (especially the educated intellectuals)?
Nigerians doing wartime service in Ethiopia,Palestine, Morocco, Sicily and Burma
What party was formed in 1944?
National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)
When was the National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC) formed?
1944
What community dominated the National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)?
Igbo
What party was dominated by the Igbo?
National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)
Who was the commanding personality of the National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)?
Azikiwe
Which party did Azikiwe lead?
National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)
What was the reputation of Azikiwe?
Owned a string of newspapers, in which he could argue his nationalist cause
Which party had the widest appeal?
National council of Nigerian and the Cameroons (NCNC)
What party was formed in March 1951?
The action group
When was the action group formed?
March 1951
What group was dominated by the Yoruba?
Action group
What tribal group was in the action group?
Yoruba
What did the action group represent?
Resisted the concept of unitary government
Represented the economically advanced Western region
Which political party resisted the concept of unitary government and represented the economically advanced Western region?
Action group
What stoped the divisions in the Yoruba community from taking over the party?
There leader Awolowo was a formidable debater and political campaigner
Who was the leader of the action group?
Awolowo
What role did Awolowo have?
Leader of the action group
What did Awolowo prevent?
Divisions arising from conflict in the Yoruba community from taking over the party
What was the action group ready to support?
Severance of a mid-west state from the Western region
Which party was willing to support the severance of a mid-west state from the Western region?
The action group
What was formed in June 1949?
Northern People’s Congress
When was the Northern People’s Congress formed?
June 1949
What group dominated the Northern People’s Congress?
Hausa and Fulani
What party did the Hausa and Fulani dominate?
Northern People’s Congress
Who led the Northern People’s Congress?
Western-educated northern Muslims with approval of empirs
Who did the western-educated northern Muslims rule?
Northern People’s Congress
Who did the western-educated northern Muslims that ruled the Northern People’s Congress have the approval of?
Emirs
Who was the most powerful person in the Northern People’s Congress?
Ahmadu Bello the Sarduna (war leader) of Sokoto
Who was Ahmadu Bello?
Sarduna (war leader) of Sokoto
Most powerful person in the Northern People’s Congress
What was Ahmadu Bello aims?
Protect the northern social and political institutions from Southern influence and insisted on maintaining the territorial integrity of the Northern regions (including those areas with the non-Muslim populations)
Who wanted to protect the northern social and political institutions from Southern influence and insisted on maintaining the territorial integrity of the Northern regions (including those areas with the non-Muslim populations)?
Ahmadu Bello
What caused problems with Ahmadu Bello’s plan of protecting the northern social and political institutions from Southern influence and insisted on maintaining the territorial integrity of the Northern regions (including those areas with the non-Muslim populations)?
Peasant disaffection and rivalry among Muslim factions
What happened in all three Nigerian regions?
Minority parties representing the special interests of ethnic groups, which made negotiations with the British government over constitutional changes difficult, as there had to be compromise
What was the result of the cooperation that emerged?
Result of necessity in the face of an overall goal, than the product of am emerging sense of national identity
How many constitutions were drawn up between 1946-54?
Three
During what period were three constitutions drawn up?
1946-54
What was the impact of the three constitutions drawn up between 1946-54?
Intensified ethnic divisions
What did political activists seek in the southern areas?
Self-government in order to promoted educational opportunities and economic development
Who sought self-government in order to promoted educational opportunities and economic development?
political activists in the southern areas
Why did political activists in the southern areas seek self-government?
In order to promoted educational opportunities and economic development
What did the emirs in the north demand?
Firm control on economic and political changes
Any action by the south would be seen as a challenge to the importance of the emirates
Who demanded firm control on economic and political change and that any action by the south would be seen as a challenge to the importance of the emirates?
emirs in the north
Why did the difference between Yoruba and Igbo grow more critical?
As they competed for control
What did the British do that added to tension between the different groups?
British granted more power to local officials and politicians, they rivalled on another another for patronage over government jobs, funds for local development, market permits, trade licences, government contracts and even scholarships for higher education
When did the Southern, western and Eastern areas become self-governing?
1957
What a happened in 1957?
Southern, western and Eastern areas become self-governing
What happened in 1959?
Northern region became self governing
When did the Northern region become self governing?
1959
What was the failure in the independence of the different areas?
Covered divisions that would haunt Nigeria for years to come
What was formed in 1946?
Richards constitution
When was the Richards constitution drawn up?
1946
What was the 1946 Richards constitution?
Greater African representation but with a Governor General and Executive council, which meant that the Governor retained all power
What allowed for greater African representation but with a Governor General and Executive council, which meant that the Governor retained all power?
1946: Richards constitution
How did the British see an independent Nigeria?
Separate regional states
What was established to deal with regional issues?
3 assemblies for each of the major regions (West, East and South )
When was the Macpherson Constitution?
1951
What happened in 1951?
Macpherson Constitution
What was the 1951 Macpherson Constitution?
Extended the right to vote and created a national council of Ministers, answerable to a 185 seat Federal House of Representatives
What extended the right to vote and created a national council of Ministers, answerable to a 185 seat Federal House of Representatives?
1951: Macpherson Constitution
What was the impact of the 1951 Macpherson Constitution?
Stimulated the Growth of Nigerian political parties
What stimulated the Growth of Nigerian political parties ?
1951: Macpherson Constitution
What could the Federal House of Representatives not do?
Overrule the regional governments
What was made in 1954, after a federal election and revisions of the constitution?
Government consisting of three British officials and 9 ministers (Represented the different regions)
What happened in October 1960?
Following a federal election in 1959, there was a full movement towards independence
Following a federal election in 1959, when was there was a full movement towards independence?
October 1960
