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hema - review > RBC anomalies > Flashcards

RBC anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

increased number of red cells with variation in size

A

Anisocytosis

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2
Q

normal RBCs diameter

A

7-8um

80-100 fL

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3
Q

-associated with impaired DNA synthesis

A

Macrocytes

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4
Q

associated with defective hemoglobin formation

A

microcytes

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5
Q

Four ways to detect anisocytosis:

A

1) nucleus of a lymphocyte
2) MCV value
3) RDW value
4) RBC histogram

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6
Q

a calculated index (from the RBC histogram) given by hematology analyzers to
help identify anisocytosis and provide information about its degree

A

red cell distribution width (RDW)

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7
Q

DERIVATION OF RDW-CV

A

A - Beckman Coulter, Inc

B - Sysmex Corporation

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8
Q

RDW ref. range for newborns

A

14.2% to 19.9%

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9
Q

visual display of cell size in RBC histogram

A

X-axis

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10
Q

cell frequency or the number of cells in RBC histogram

A

Y-axis

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11
Q

two parameters calculated from RBC histogram

A

: MCV and RDW

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12
Q

shift to the right.

A

RBCs are macrocytic,

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13
Q

shift to the left

A

RBCs are microcytic

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14
Q

bimodal

A

two populations of RBCs in the sample

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15
Q

wider or flattened curve on a histogram indicates

A

more variation in the size of the cells

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16
Q

General term for a variation in the normal coloratio

A

anisochromia

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17
Q

occurrence of hypochromic cells and normochromic cells in the same blood smear

A

anisochromia

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18
Q

hypocrhomic cells

A

central pallor 1/3 of diameter (microcytic)

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19
Q

grading of hypochromia 4+

A

thin rim of hemoglobin

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20
Q

Pesary cell/ghost cell

A

Anulocyte

-thin rim of Hgb

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21
Q

RBCs that lack central pallor even though they lie in a desirable area for evaluation

A

Hyperchromic cells

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22
Q

basically the only disease in which the MCHC is high

A

Hereditary Spherocytosis

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23
Q

symptomatic HS 3 clinical manifestation

A

1) Splenomegaly
2) Anemia
3) Jaundice

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24
Q

HS MCHC value

A

35-38 g/dL

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25
Q

more sensitive
alternative test for
confirmation of HS.

A

EMA binding test

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26
Q

larger than normal red cells with bluish tinge (Wright’s stain)

A

Polychromatophilic erythrocytes

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27
Q

bluish tinge in Polychromatophilic erythrocytes

A

residual RNA

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28
Q

increased number of red cells with variation in SHAPE

A

Poikilocytosis

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29
Q

Almost spherical in shape

Lacks the central pallor

A

SPHEROCYTE

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30
Q

STOMATOCYTE aka

A

Mouth cell

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31
Q

Elongated RBCs with a slit-like

central pallo

A

STOMATOCYTE

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32
Q

-most common
form of
stomatocytosis

A

Dehydrated hereditary

stomatocytosi

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33
Q

appears to have puddled at one end

A

Dehydrated hereditary

stomatocytosi

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34
Q

ACANTHOCYTE aka

A

thorn cell/spur cell

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35
Q

RBCs with irregularly

spiculated surface

A

ACANTHOCYTE

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36
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia aka

A

Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome

& Hereditary acanthocytosis

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37
Q

characterized by
defective apo B
synthesis

A

Abetalipoproteinemia

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38
Q

what are NOT

found in plasma in Abetalipoproteinemia

A

VLDL, LDL, and

chylomicron:

39
Q

McLeaod syndrome(kell bld group)

A

ACANTHOCYTE

40
Q

BURR CELL aka

A

Echinocyte

41
Q

RBCs with

regularly spiculated surface

A

BURR CELL

42
Q

BURR CELL associated with

A

Uremia

& Pyruvate kinase deficiency

43
Q

hereditary leptocytosis

A

Elliptocyte

44
Q

Elliptical (cigar-shaped) RBC

A

Elliptocyte

45
Q

DACRYOCYTE aka

A

teardrop/pear-shaped

46
Q

Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF)

A

dacryocytes

47
Q

Fragmented RBC

A

schistocytes/schizocytes

48
Q

DIC tests

A

D-dimer test

PF 1+2

49
Q

DIC related conditions

A

” TOMASA “

Tissue trauma
Obstetric complications
Mucus-secreting tumors
Acute infections
Snake bites
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
50
Q

Drepanocyte aka

A

Sickle cell/ meniscocyte

51
Q

sickle/crescentshaped

A

Drepanocyte

52
Q

Two forms of drepanocyte

A

1) irreversible sickle cells (ISC)

2) Oat-shaped cell

53
Q

no capacity to return to normal shape

A

irreversible sickle cells (ISC)

54
Q

once oxygenated can go back to original form

A

oat cell

55
Q

RBCs which show a centrally
stained area with a thin outer
rim of hemoglobin

A

LEPTOCYTE

56
Q

LEPTOCYTE aka

A

codocyte, platycyte, Greek helmet cell, mexican hat cell, Bull’s eye cell, target cell

57
Q

leptocyte associated with

A

liver disease,
certain hemoglobinopathies,
Thalassemia
LCAT deficiency

58
Q

BITE CELL aka

A

Degmacyte

59
Q

Glucose-6-Phosphate
Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)
deficiency poikilocyte

A

BITE CELL

60
Q

Demonstrate a semicircular
defect in their edge (resembles
a bite mark)

A

BITE CELL

61
Q

Folded RBCs

A

BISCUIT CELL

62
Q

Hemoglobin SC disease

A

BISCUIT CELL

63
Q

BRONZE ELLIPTOCYTE associated with

A

Sickle cell anemia

64
Q

Bipolar or central distribution of

hemoglobin

A

BRONZE ELLIPTOCYTE

65
Q

-As large as leukocytes
-Pale-pink staining ghost of the
red cell

A

SEMILUNAR BODY

66
Q

associated with malaria and overt hemolysis

A

semilunar body

67
Q

punctate basophilia

A

basophilic stippling

68
Q

aggregated RNA

A

basophilic stippling

69
Q

basophilic stippling associated with

A
  • Lead poisoning (plumbism)

- megaloblastic anemia

70
Q

2 forms of basophilic stippling

A

1) fine stippling - polychromatophilia

2) coarse stippling -

71
Q

iron stains

A

siderotic granules

72
Q

NMB, Wright stain

A

Pappenheimer bodies

73
Q

Pappenheimer bodies

A

SIDEROTIC GRANULES

74
Q

dimorphic peripheral blood picture

A

Sideroblastic anemia

75
Q

Remnants of nuclear chroma

tin (DNA)

A

HOWELL-JOLLY BODIES

76
Q

HOWELL-JOLLY BODIES associated

A
  • Megaloblastic anemias
  • After splenectomy
  • Thalassemia
77
Q

histochem staining reaction for DNA

A

Feulgen reaction (+)

78
Q

THREADLIKE/ MITOTIC SPINDLES

A

CABOT RINGS

79
Q

Denatured and

precipitated hemoglobin

A

HEINZ BODIES

80
Q

-Glucose-6-Phosphate
Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)
deficiency inclusion body

A

HEINZ BODIES

81
Q

supravital stains for HEINZ BODIES

A

NMB
BCB
Crystal violet
methyl violet

82
Q

eccentrically along
the inner RBC membrane,
large, round,
blue to purple materials)

A

HEINZ BODIES

83
Q

Precipitated Hb H

A

Hb H inclusion bodies

84
Q

Hgb H disease is associated with

A

Alpha thalassemia

85
Q

Appearance of
RBCs with Hb H
Bodies:

A

pitted golf balls

86
Q

graded as :
1 + = 1 to 5 per field
2 + = 6 to 10 per field
3 + = greater than 10 per field

A 
Polychromatophilia
Helmet cells (helmet-shaped schistocytes)
Dacryocytes (teardrop cells)
Acanthocytes (thorn or spur cells)
Schistocytes (fragmented RBCs)
Spherocytes
87
Q

1 + = 3 to 10 per field
2 + = 11 to 20 per field
3 + = greater than 20 per field

A 
Poikilocytosis
Ovalocytes
Elliptocytes
Burr cells
Bizarre-shaped RBC
Target cells (codocytes/leptocytes/bull’s eye cell/
 Mexican hat cells/Greek helmet cells/platycytes)
Stomatocytes (mouth cells)
88
Q

pseudoagglutination aka

A

Rouleaux

89
Q

Caused by a serum protein abnormality

A

Rouleaux

90
Q

1 + IN ROULEAUX

A

= aggregates of 3 to 4 RBCs

91
Q

2 + IN ROULEAUX

A

= aggregates of 5 to 10 RBCs

92
Q

3 + IN ROULEAUX

A

= many aggregates with

only a few free RBCs

93
Q

Graded as POSITIVE only

A

Sickle cells
Basophilic stippling
Pappenheimer bodies
Howell-Jolly bodies

hema - review (17 decks)

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