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hema - review > introduction > Flashcards

introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Hematology came from the Greek words

A

Haima - blood

logos - study

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2
Q

Respiratory pigment

A

Hemoglobin

gives color to the blood

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3
Q

functions of the blood

A

1) respiratory
2) nutritional
3) buffering action
4) excretion
5) maintenance of body temp
6) transport of hormones

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4
Q

vein diameter

A

5 mm

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5
Q

artery diameter

A

4mm

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6
Q

capillary diameter

A

8 um

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7
Q

smallest of blood vessels

A

capillary

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8
Q

largest of blood vessels

A

veins

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9
Q

most numerous of blood vessels

A

capillary

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10
Q

blood ph

A

7.35 to 7.45 (slightly alkaline)

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11
Q

arterial blood ph

A

7.45

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12
Q

venous blood ph

A

7.35

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13
Q

pulmonary vein blood color

A

BRIGHT RED

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14
Q

Pulmonary artery blood color

A

DARK PURPLISH RED

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15
Q

Arterial blood color

A

BRIGHT RED

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16
Q

Venous blood color

A

DARK PURPLISH RED

17
Q

liquid portion of blood

A

SERUM: clotted

PLASMA: unclotted

18
Q

Solid portion of blood aka

A

Hemocytes

-cellular elements

19
Q

Red blood cells aka

A

Erythrocytes, Erythroplastids, akaryocytes

20
Q

White blood cells

A

Leukocytes, Leukoplastids

21
Q

WBC types

A

Granular (B,E,N)

Agranular (L,M)

22
Q

Platelets aka

A

Thrombocytes, Thromboplastids

23
Q

Gaseous portion of blood

A

Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
others

24
Q

characteristics of blood:

A
  1. Fluid (in vivo)
  2. Red
  3. Slightly alkaline
  4. Average specific gravity of 1.055
  5. Thick and viscous (3.5 to 4.5 times thicker than water)
  6. Makes up 75 to 85 mL blood per kilogram body weight
  7. There are about 20 grams of solids per 100 mL of blood
25
Q

most critical step in blood collection

A

Patient Identification

26
Q

“moral sin” of phlebotomist

A

Mislabelling

27
Q

identify the patient by asking his/her __

A

state and spell full name
age
gender
birthdate

28
Q

Physiologic factors affecting test results:

A

Posture
Diurnal Rhythm
Stress
Exercise

29
Q

increased levels affected by Posture

A

“PIC”

Protein
Cholesterol
Iron

30
Q

Fluctuations in the values of certain analytes during a particular time of the day

A

Diurnal Rhythm

31
Q

analytes affected in the morning

A

INCREASED: TSH, Iron, Cortisol

DECREASED: Eosinophil

32
Q

Analyes affected in the afternoon

A

DECREASED: TSH, Iron, Cortisol

INCREASED: Eosinophil

33
Q

Stress can increase these analytes

A 
WBC
Fibrinogen group (Factors I, V, VIII, XIII)
34
Q

Exercise increases

A 
Creatinine
Total Protein
Creatine Kinase
Myoglobin
AST
HDL- chole
LDH
WBC count
Platelet count
35
Q

after a fatty meal, this can be falsely elevated

A

Hemoglobin

36
Q

after a fatty meal, this can be elevated

A

ALP

37
Q

Smoking causes WBC and Cortisol to ___

A

increase

38
Q

Skin puncture is perfromed to these patients:

A 
 Newborns and pediatric patients
 Severely burned patients
 Patients whose veins are reserved for
therapeutic purposes
 Extremely obese patients
 Elderly patients with fragile veins
39
Q

Puncture sites for < 1 year old

A

Plantar surface of the foot

medial side, lateral side

hema - review (17 decks)

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