Random Recalls Flashcards
patient,labs showing megaloblastic anemia,has numbness and parasthesia,difficulty
walking at night,she is not strict vegetarian…indicates deficiency of which vitamin?
options
folic acid, B12
B12
The symptoms of megaloblastic anemia, numbness, and paresthesia (tingling) along with difficulty in walking at night are characteristic of vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in nerve cell health and in the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells. Megaloblastic anemia is also a common manifestation of B12 deficiency along with macrocytic erythrocytes. Folic acid deficiency can also result in megaloblastic anemia, but it typically does not present with numbness, tingling, or walking difficulties.
Positive vomiting with weight loss, sucction splash and abdominal distenstion
* Sbo
* Ca gastric
SBO (Small Bowel Obstruction)
The symptoms of positive vomiting with weight loss, succussion splash, and abdominal distension are classic findings in small bowel obstruction (SBO). SBO is a condition where intestinal contents cannot pass due to a physical blockage in the small intestine. The obstruction can be caused by various reasons like adhesions within the small bowel, hernias, bowel cancer or other tumors and Crohn’s disease. Cancer of the stomach may cause similar symptoms, but typically presents with signs of blood loss, such as melena (black tarry stools). However, given that the prompt causes in this scenario are suggestive of SBO.
15yr girl with 15 yr bf present with termination of pregnancy. If gp sent offer
to terminate, patient does not want to inform parents.
* Cpa
* Encourage to inform parents
* Terminate asap
Refer to another GP
Child runny nose, mother with domestic violence, brusing and admit abuse
* Cpa
* Inform police
* advice her for domestic for shelter
Inform police
In this scenario, the child has a runny nose, but the more concerning issue is the mother with domestic violence and bruises that admit abuse. As healthcare professionals, we have a legal and moral obligation to report any suspected cases of child or domestic abuse. Therefore, the most appropriate course of action in this scenario is to inform the police or child protection authorities immediately. In some cases, the healthcare professional may also need to provide emergency medical care or intervention to treat any immediate injuries or protect the patient’s safety. The healthcare professional can also provide support and advice to the patient regarding available resources for legal and social support, such as domestic violence shelters, counseling, or legal aid services. However, the most important first step is to ensure the safety and protection of the patient and report the suspected abuse.
7 yr not concentrating in school, lands in trouble having eye contact. Prefer to
play alone.
* Adhd
* Asd
ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)
The symptoms of not concentrating in school, trouble with eye contact, and preferring to play alone are characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD often struggle with social communication and interaction, including difficulty with eye contact, which can affect their ability to make and maintain relationships. They may also have difficulty with attention and concentration, which can impact academic performance. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention, which can negatively affect academic performance and social relationships. While there is some overlap in symptoms between ADHD and ASD, the child in this scenario does not exhibit any symptoms of hyperactivity or impulsivity, which are characteristic features of ADHD. Therefore, ASD is the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.
10 months old paeds resp distress with vomiting
* Peanut———–look for choking.
* Cow’s milk
Cow’s milk
In a 10-month-old infant who presents with respiratory distress and vomiting, cow’s milk allergy is a more likely cause than peanut allergy. Cow’s milk allergy is a common food allergy among infants and young children, and it can cause respiratory symptoms like wheezing and coughing, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. On the other hand, peanut allergy is less likely to cause respiratory symptoms.
However, it is important to consider the possibility of choking in any infant presenting with respiratory distress and vomiting. If choking is suspected, immediate intervention is required to clear the airway and prevent further respiratory distress.
4 yr old h/o urti
* Transient synovitis
* Perth, SCFE , Septic arthritis
Perthe’s Disease, SCFE (Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis), Septic Arthritis.
A history of upper respiratory tract infection in a 4-year-old child is not necessarily specific enough to pinpoint a specific orthopedic diagnosis. Therefore, making a definitive diagnosis based on this limited information would be challenging. However, joint pain or limited mobility may or may not accompany URIs in children.
Transient synovitis, also known as toxic synovitis, is a common benign condition characterized by inflammation of the hip joint, typically following a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection. Children with transient synovitis typically present with hip pain, limping, or difficulty walking, but the prognosis is generally favorable, and most cases resolve within a few weeks.
Perthe’s disease, SCFE (Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis) and septic arthritis are all orthopedic conditions that can cause hip pain in children, and these conditions require further evaluation through imaging and blood tests. However, there must be data on symptoms other than just URtI to suggest such conditions. If there is a suspected diagnosis, such as Perthe’s disease or septic arthritis, then further examinations and diagnosis are required to confirm the condition as these conditions require further attention and management
covid positive female old age Lungs whiteout Oxygen given .What next ?
Corticosteroids
Antibiotics
Antiviral
n a patient who is COVID-19 positive, has a lung whiteout on imaging, and requires oxygen, the next step in management may vary based on the clinical presentation of the patient. Here are potential options:
1) Corticosteroids: Current guidelines suggest that dexamethasone can be given in COVID-19 patients who require oxygen, as studies have shown that it may improve survival outcomes in severe cases. However, the decision to give corticosteroids should be individualized based on the clinical presentation of the patient and in consultation with a healthcare professional.
2) Antibiotics: Antibiotics should generally be avoided in COVID-19 patients unless there is a confirmed bacterial infection or other specific indication. COVID-19 is caused by a virus and antibiotics are not effective against viral infections.
3) Antiviral: Antiviral medications such as Remdesivir may be considered in COVID-19 patients who require oxygen or have severe disease, but the decision to use these medications should be based on clinical presentation and in consultation with a healthcare professional.
It’s important to emphasize that optimal management of COVID-19 patients is a complex issue and treatment will vary based on multiple factors. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with the healthcare team that has the patient’s complete medical history and a full understanding of their clinical presentation.
11- 15 year old couple for abortion
Arrange abortion
Check competency for decision
Check competency for decision
In this scenario, the first step for the healthcare professional is to determine if the couple, particularly the young woman, is competent to make the decision to have an abortion. Laws regarding the age of consent for medical treatment vary across countries, but in most cases, individuals under the age of 18 require parental or legal guardian consent to undergo medical treatment. However, there may be exceptions for certain medical procedures, including abortion, which may be subject to different laws and regulations. It is important for the healthcare professional to understand the laws and regulations governing their practice and consult with appropriate legal and ethical guidelines to ensure that they comply with them.
In this scenario, if the young woman is found to be competent to make the decision for an abortion, the healthcare professional should arrange for and provide support throughout the procedure and post-procedure. If the woman is deemed not to be competent to make the decision or falls under the protection of certain laws, then consultation with an appropriate guardian is necessary. The healthcare professional must also provide support and counsel for the couple after the procedure, including advice on contraception and family planning to prevent unintended pregnancy in the future
12-girlfriend came to collect reports of his boyfriend
You can talk on phone and give it to me
Refuse to give
10-ca pancreas Diagnosis USG» CT
12-girlfriend came to collect reports of his boyfriend
In a scenario where a girlfriend comes to collect reports of her boyfriend, it is important to prioritize the privacy and confidentiality of the patient (the boyfriend). The healthcare professional should not disclose any medical information without the explicit consent of the patient, who has the right to privacy and control over their medical information. In this scenario, the healthcare professional could ask the girlfriend to have the boyfriend sign a release form to authorize her to collect his medical information or provide the reports directly to him. Alternatively, the healthcare professional could offer to call the boyfriend to request his permission to disclose the information directly to his girlfriend.
10-ca pancreas Diagnosis USG» CT
When diagnosing pancreatic cancer, a CT scan is considered the gold standard imaging modality. Although ultrasound (USG) can be used to assess the pancreas, it is not as sensitive or specific as a CT scan for detecting pancreatic cancer. Therefore, if pancreatic cancer is suspected based on symptoms or other diagnostic tests, a CT scan is usually recommended for a more accurate diagnosis.
17yrs female 1st antenatal visit , cervical
* Hpv swab
* Chlamydia urine pcr
* Cervical swab for hpv
Cervical swab for HPV
In a 17-year-old female’s first antenatal visit, the initial cervical screening test is recommended to detect any signs of cervical cancer. The most appropriate screening test in this case is a cervical swab for human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer, and screening for HPV infection has become more widely used as a screening tool over the past few years. Additionally, a cervical swab allows for the detection of other potential infections, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and bacterial vaginosis. However, since HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer, it is the most essential screening test in this scenario. Once cervical swab results have been analyzed, it will guide the course of action for further investigations and treatments that may be required during the antenatal care.
Palpable liver, right abdominal pain , ct scan hyperechoic no jaundice
* Ca liver
* Cirrohosis
* Mets
* Cyst
Cyst
In a patient with a palpable liver, right abdominal pain, and a CT scan showing a hyperechoic lesion without jaundice, a cyst is a more likely cause than cancer, cirrhosis, or metastasis. A cyst is a benign fluid-filled sac that can develop in the liver and cause abdominal pain and a palpable mass. The CT scan may show a hyperechoic lesion or a fluid-filled area that is characteristic of a cyst. Cancer of the liver, cirrhosis, and metastasis to the liver are all potential causes of a palpable liver and abdominal pain, but these usually produce other symptoms such as jaundice, significant weight loss, and other organ involvement. A biopsy of the lesion may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis of the cyst.
