High Yield Neurology Flashcards
Unilateral Headaches accompanied by nasak Stuffiness, Conjunctival injection and lacrimation
Treatment?
Dx: Cluster Headache
Tx: Verapamil
CP: Unilateral headache (often occurring at night, retro-orbital headache) + rhinorrhea + lacrimation
treatment:
Verapamil
Methysergide
Lithium and bridging treatment with Prednisolone
100% O2 - inhalation for 15 mins - acute attack of cluster headache
Sumatriptan - second line treatment of a cluster headache
Lumpn on her left side of her face
Slowly growing
Displacing earlobe outwards
Dx?
Pleomorphic Adenoma
Ptosis and Dilated Pupil
Third Cranial nerve palsy
Ptosis and Diplopia with no pupil abnormality
Myasthenia Gravis
Associated with Progressive Opthalmoplegia and Limb weakness induced by exercise.
Does not involve the pupils
Mitochondriak Myopathy
Ptosis, miosis and ipsilateral loss of sweating
Horner’s Syndrome
Weak ankle and Pain in the lateral shin and dorsum of the foot 3 daays after a bowel resection for colon cancer
Weakness in eversion and dorsiflexion of the foot is noted.
Inversion of the ankle is preserved.
dX?
Common Peroneal Damage
What is the typical clinical presention of common peroneal neuropathy and where is the site
Acute Foot drop at the Fibular Neck - Foot limp
Ankle reflezes and senses at the posterior calf and lateral foot.
s1 nerve root
s1 radiculopathy may cause weakness of the plantar flexion
Ankle and great toe dorsiflexion
L5 motor nerve
Numbness in the medial foot and the webspace between the first and the second toe
L5 sensory nerve
Features of dementia of Lewy bodies
Rapidly fluctuating cognition
Visual Hallucinations
Spontaneous motor parkisonism
Serotonin Syndrome features
Hyprerreflexia
Dilated pupils
Hyperactive Bowel sounds
Hyporeflezia
Normal Pupil
decreased bowel sounds
Neuroleptic malignant Sydnrome
What is true regarding the clock drawing test?
Measure of severity of dementia
What is the surgical procedure for an alleviation of symptoms like tremor and rigidity
Palliodotomy
Gold standard for Parkinson’s disease
Levodopa
3 -4 attacks of Migraine
Prevention?
Tx:
Amitriptylline
Pizotifen
Propanolol
Sodium valproate
Asial Rigidity, dysphagia and vetical gaze abnormality
Supranculear Palsy
Does not cause Stiffness on the neck
Botulism
Progressive weakness of the left arm
kept dropping objects from his right hands
Sensations are intact
reduced power and tone in the elft arm
dx?
Motor Neuron Disease
Which of the ff degenerative disease of the cNS is caused by infectious proteins
Creutzfedlt Jkob disease
Treatment of Migraine in children
1st line - Ibuprofen
Second line - Paracetamol
Worst headache of his life
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Unable to tell whetehre they are standing on the right or left side during the assessment
Left parietal lobe
Most significant risk facor for falls in elderly
Visual Impairment
Seizure patient and who is on medication for 12 months
how long can he drive again
3 months
Acute onset of vertigo without hearing loss or tinnitus
An absence of tinnitus and hearing loss
Symptoms follow an immune mediated sequel following a viral illness leading to inlammation of the Vestibular nerve
Dix-Hallpike is negative
Change in head position aggravates vertigo
Vestibular neuritis
Mild tremor worsening using her hands
Essential Tremor
Treatment of Essential Tremors
Propanolol and Primidone
Characterized by wing-beating tremor
Signs of hepatic failure, rigidity, clumsy gait and dysarthria
Wilson’s disease
Most approp way to monitor the resp status of GBS
Forced Vital Capacity
Sixth nerve palsy is rarely caused by which one of the ff
Low CSF pressure after lumbar puncture
Inability to see in the right halves of the both eyes
Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and atrial fibrillation
Possible location of the lesion
Left Occipital Lobe
- Homonymous Hemianopia
Racoon eyes
Basilar Skull Fracture
History of strpke with meory impairment
Vascular dementia
Muscle weakness with myasthenia gravis
Ocular muscle weakness
Stroke is localize to the broder of the somatosensory and association aread in the posterior parietal lobe
Symptoms ?
Loss of the ability to recognise items based on touch
(Tactile Agnosia)
Early, insidiouus short term memory loss
Language deficits and spatial disorientation
Personality changes
Alzheimer Disease
Cerebral Infarction and Deeo or White Matter changes on Neuroimaging
Vascular dementia
Apathy, disinhibition and compulsive behavior
Frontotemporal Dementia
Visual hallucinations
Dementia With lewy bodies
Ataxia and urinary incontinence
Normal Hydrocephalus
Rapod progession
Myoclonus with or without seizures
Prion Disease
Most common infection in the GBS
Campylobacter jejuni
brain of Down syndrome will have the features of
Alzheimers disease
Which of the ff test will best assess this patient’s risk of foot ulcers
Monofilament testing
hit on the head by a ball while playing cricket
able to continue but 1 hr later become drowsy and went into coma
Dx?
Extradural Hematoma
Which of the medication may result to coginitive improvement in Alzheimer disease
Donepezil
Bilateral Spastic paraparesis and urinary urgency
pain and thermal sensation loss on part of his left body and proprioception loss on his R foot
Brown Sequard (hemisection) Syndrome
