RACGP

Question 1

Dosage of Folate Supplementation in most women prior to conception and continuing for the first trimester

Answer 1

0.5 mg / day

Question 2

Dosage of Folate Supplementation in high-risk women

Answer 2

5 mg/day

Question 3

All women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or considering pregnancy should take
an iodine supplement of

Answer 3

150 μg each day

Question 4

test for fragile X and karyotype/

Answer 4

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 5

good evidence* that introducing peanut into the diet of infants who already have severe eczema and/or
egg allergy before 12 months of age can reduce the risk of these infants developing peanut allergy
True or False?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Encourage dental hygiene twice a day: No toothpaste ______ what age? and low fluoride toothpaste up
to 5 years of age

Answer 6

<17 months of age

Question 7

Encourage dental visits annually after, what age?

Answer 7

Encourage dental visits annually after 12 months of age

Question 8

People ≥65 years of age
Screen for hearing
impairment (II, B)

How often?

Answer 8

Every 12 months

Question 9

is the most common and curable STI in Australia.

Answer 9

Chlamydia

Question 10

The most common adverse effect of radical prostatectomy

Answer 10

erectile dysfunction,

Question 11

What tool to use that can help identify individuals who may require a
more detailed assessment of their family history of cancer, heart disease or diabetes ?

Answer 11

Family history screening questionnaire (FHSQ)

Question 12

Men with infertility suspected or due to
congenital absence of the vas deferens are prone to increase probability for?

Answer 12

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 13

What should be done to screen pregnant women for Down Syndrome?

Answer 13

Combined maternal serum and
ultrasound screening in first
trimester

Maternal serum screening in
second trimester

Non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT)

at First or Second trimester

Question 14

What screen is used for pregant women who has significantly increased probabilty for Down Syndrome?

Combined maternal serum and
ultrasound screening in first
trimester*
Maternal serum screening in
second trimester†
(C)
Non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT)‡

Answer 14

Fetal diagnostic genetic testing
(C)
Offer referral for genetic
counselling
at First or Second trimeste

Question 15

What Increases the probability for Fsragile X SYndrome?
These are children or adults of either sex with one or
more of the following features:

Answer 15

developmental delay including
intellectual disability of unknown cause
* autistic-like features
* attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD)
* speech and language problems
* social and emotional problems, such as
aggression or shyness
* a female with a history of primary
ovarian insufficiency or premature
menopause (aged <40 years)
* adults with ataxia, balance problems
and parkinsonism
* relative with a fragile X mutation

Question 16

What screening is used for Fragile X syndrome ?

Answer 16

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
test for fragile X and karyotype/
comparative genomic
hybridisation by microarray
for other possible causes of
developmental delay
Refer to genetic services for
genetic counselling and testing
at-risk family (I, A)
perform at:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
test for fragile X and karyotype/
comparative genomic
hybridisation by microarray
for other possible causes of
developmental delay
Refer to genetic services for
genetic counselling and testing
at-risk family (I, A)

Question 17

What is the screening test used for
Haemoglobinopathies and thalassaemias?

Answer 17

Test for mean corpuscular
volume (MCV), mean corpuscular
haemoglobin (MCH) and ferritin
Haemoglobin electrophoresis
(III, B)
Blood for deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) studies
Arrange partner testing if: MCV
≤80 fL and/or MCH ≤27 pg and/
or abnormal haemoglobin

How often?
Test couple for
carrier status prior to
pregnancy or in first
trimester

Question 18

What is the *First trimester Down syndrome screening?

Answer 18

free beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), pregnancy associated plasma protein at 10–12 weeks (this also provides risk for
trisomy 18 and Edwards syndrome)
* nuchal translucency screen at 11 weeks, 3 days to 13 weeks, 6 days
* NIPT‡
from 10 weeks for trisomy 21, 18 and 13; not available for MBS rebate. Tests for fetal DNA in maternal blood
†
Second trimester serum screening:
* beta HCG, unconjugated oestriol, alpha-fetoprotein and inhibin A, ideally at 15–17 weeks; also gives risk for Edward syndrome and
neural tube defects (NTDs)

Question 19

What is the screening tool for the prevention and early detection of tooth decay in children?

Answer 19

‘Lift the lip’ screening

Question 20

What to encourage about dental hygiene on : <17 months of age> up
to 5 years of age

Answer 20

No toothpaste
and low fluoride toothpaste

twice a day

Question 21

Screen for hearing
impairment (II, B) should be done with the elderly at what age and how often?

Answer 21

People ≥65 years of age
Every 12 months

Question 22

What tool to use a to screen for visual impairment in the elderly?

Answer 22

Snellen chart

Question 23

How does the hearing impairment screening being performed?

Answer 23

A whispered voice out of the field of vision (at 0.5 m) or finger
rub at 5 cm has a high sensitivity for hearing loss, as does a
single question about hearing difficulty

Question 24

What are the other symptom for dementia?

Answer 24

Other symptoms may include a decline in thinking, planning and organising, and
reduced emotional control or change in social behaviour affecting daily activities.
Not everyone with dementia has memory problems as an initial symptom

Question 25

What are the otehr clues for dementia?

Answer 25

Other clues:
are missed appointments (receptionist often knows), change in compliance
with medications, and observable deterioration in grooming or dressing. Falls may
also be an indication of cognitive impairment

Question 26

What does the strategies that clinicians need to recommend for early intervention and
prevention of dementia:?

Answer 26

Increased physical activity (eg 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity walking
or equivalent)
* social engagement (increased number of social activities per week)
* cognitive training and rehabilitation
* diet – the Mediterranean and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
diets
* smoking cessation

Question 27

What screening should be done in
all sexually active people up to 29 years of age and is recommended because of increased prevalence and risk of
complications.10

Answer 27

Screening for chlamydia infection

Question 28

should be provided if the patient is HIV positive or there is a history of injecting drug use,
as this increases the risk of transmission.

Answer 28

Screening for hepatitis C

Question 29

is the most common and curable STI in Australia.

Answer 29

Chlamydia

Question 30

as the most appropriate method for feeding infants (and one that offers
protection against infection and some chronic diseases).85

Answer 30

Breastfeeding

Question 31

Absolute CVD risk assessment should be conducted at least every two years in all adults aged

Answer 31

> 45 years who are not known to have CVD or to be at clinically determined high risk

Question 32

The most common adverse effect of radical prostatectomy

Answer 32

erectile dysfunction

Question 33

is the leaking of urine that may occur during exercise,
coughing, sneezing, laughing, walking, lifting or playing sport. This is more common
in women, although it also occurs in men, especially after prostate surgery.
Pregnancy, childbirth and menopause are the main contributors

Answer 33

Stress incontinence

Question 34

is a sudden and strong need to urinate. It is often associated
with frequency and nocturia, and is often due to having an over-active or unstable
bladder, neurological condition, constipation, enlarged prostate or history of poor
bladder habits

Answer 34

Urge incontinence

Question 35

is a combination of stress and urge incontinence, and is most
common in older women

Answer 35

Mixed incontinence

Question 36

as a result of bladder outflow obstruction or injury. Its symptoms may be confused with stress incontinence

Answer 36

Overflow incontinence

Question 37

Who is at average risk for Osteoporosis?

Answer 37

Postmenopausal women (aged ≥45
years)
* Men aged ≥50 years

Question 38

Who is at increased risk for Osteoporosis?

Answer 38

• Aged >60 years for men and >50 years
  for women plus any of:
  – family history of fragility fracture
  – smoking
  – high alcohol intake (>4 standard drinks
  per day for men and >2 for women)
  – vitamin D deficiency <50 nmol
  (screening for vitamin D not indicated
  just for risk assessment)*
  – low body weight (body mass index
  [BMI] <20kg/m2
  )
  – recurrent falls
  – low levels of physical activity†
  – immobility (to the extent that person
  cannot leave their home or cannot do
  any housework)
• Medical conditions and medications
  that may cause secondary osteoporosis
  including:
  – endocrine disorders
  (eg hypogonadism, Cushing
  syndrome, hyperparathyroidism,
  hyperthyroidism)
  – premature menopause
  – anorexia nervosa or amenorrhea for
  >12 months (unrelated to pregnancy)
  before 45 years of age
  – inflammatory conditions
  (eg rheumatoid arthritis)
  – malabsorption (eg coeliac disease)
  – chronic kidney or liver disease
  – multiple myeloma and monoclonal
  gammopathies
  – human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  and its treatment
  – Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
  – drugs, especially corticosteroids
  (eg 7.5 mg for >3 months) used for
  immunosuppression including as
  part of chronic anti-rejection therapy
  in organ or bone marrow transplant,
  anti-epileptic, aromatase inhibitors,
  anti-androgen, excessive thyroxine,
  possibly selective serotonin reuptake
  inhibitors (SSRIs)

Question 39

What to do next with the patient that has increased risk for Osteoporosis?

Answer 39

Dual X-ray absorptiometry
(DXA) to measure bone
mineral density (BMD)
and management of
risk factors (II, A to III, D
depending on risk factor)
Investigate for causes of
secondary osteoporosis
if indicated by history,
examination findings or
BMD result (Practice
Point)

Question 40

_______of public water supplies has improved dental health and reduced

dental decay

Answer 40

Fluoridation