Radiology & Ultrasound Flashcards
Which unit of measurement quantifies occupational exposure to electromagnetic radiation?
Rem
Unit of radiation exposure
Roentgen (R)
Quantity of radiation received by an individual
Radiation absorbed dose (Rad)
A quantity of radioactive material
Curie (Ci)
Domed hemidiaphragm &
Left hilum slightly higher than right
X rays pass more easily through ___ density structures and less easily through ___ density
Lower; higher
2-6cm oblique lines in the upper lobes
Kerley A lines
1.5-2cm horizontal lines in the long periphery
Kerley B lines
The target location for the tip of the PAC is in which West zone?
Zone 3
What is the first radiographic sign of pulm edema?
Cephalization
1st stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Redistribution of vascular markings to the upper lung
Cephalization
2nd stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Peribronchial cuffing and Kerley lines (A & B)
3rd stage of cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Alveolar edema, pleural effusions, increased cardiac size
How fast does ultrasound propagate through soft tissue?
1,540 m/sec
Measure of pitch
Frequency
Which concept best explains why lead zirconate titanate is commonly used in US transducers?
Piezoelectric effect
What is the primary determinant of the vertical placement of each illuminated pixel on the US monitor?
Time delay
Which process describes a sound wave that bounces off a tissue boundary that has a different acoustic impedance?
Reflection
Which type of transducer produces the best image resolution?
High frequency
Which setting on the US machine is used to adjust the strength of the returning echoes displayed on the screen?
Gain
According to the Doppler effect, what changes occur when the sound source moves closer to a person listening to that sound?
Wavelength becomes shorter
Pitch increases
During a cardiac POCUS what structures are visible on a parasternal short-axis view of the heart?
