Cardiac Monitors

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Name 3 bipolar leads

Answer 2

I, II, III

Question 2

Name 3 limb leads

Answer 2

aVF, aVR, aVL

Question 3

causes of R axis deviation

Answer 3

COPD, acute bronchospasm, Cor pulmonale, PHTN, PE

Question 4

Causes of L axis deviation

Answer 4

chronic HTN, LBBB, AS, AI, MR

Question 5

What reflex may initiate sinus arrhythmia?

Answer 5

Bainbridge. increased venous return stretches the right atrium and SA node causing the HR to increase

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

WPW is a/w?

Answer 7

atrial-ventricular reentry. (occurs when accessory pathway joins the atrium to the ventricle- Kent’s bundle)

Question 8

What are 2 ways to disrupt reentry circuit?

Answer 8

1. slow conduction velocity through circuit
2. increase refractory period of the cells at the location of unidirectional block

Question 9

What is the most common cause of tachyarrhythmias?

Answer 9

reentry pathways

Question 10

How can ischemia cause a reentry pathway?

Answer 10

conduction velocity through the affected region is too slow

Question 11

How can Epi cause a reentry pathway?

Answer 11

It shorted the duration of the refractory period

Question 12

Drugs to avoid with antidromic AVNRT

Answer 12

adenosine, digoxin, CCBs, BBs, & lidocaine

Question 13

What is the tx of choice for a fib in WPW?

Answer 13

Procainamide bc it increases the refractory period in the accessory pathway

Question 14

What is the most common tachyarrhythmia a/w WPW?

Answer 14

orthodromic AV nodal reentry tachycardia (90%)

Question 15

conditions that prolong QT interval

Answer 15

hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
methadone
droperidol
ondansetron
amio
hypertrophic CM
bradycardia

Question 16

what are 2 immediate tx for torsades de pointes

Answer 16

Mag & cardiac pacing

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

List 5 pathophysiologic conditions that can cause failure to capture

Answer 18

hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypocapnia
hypothermia
MI

Question 19

what ecg change is a/w intracranial hemorrhage?

Answer 19

peaked T waves

Question 20

Where does atrial repolarization occur on the ecg?

Answer 20

QRS

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

What is the tx for BB overdose?

Answer 22

glucagon 50-70 mcg/kg q 3-5 min followed by 2-10mg/hr infusion

Question 23

If lead I is pointing up and aVF is pointing up, what axis does it have?

Answer 23

Normal (2 thumbs up)

Question 24

If lead I is pointing down and aVF is point up, what axis does it have?

Answer 24

Right axis deviation (Reaching towards each other)

Question 25

If lead I is pointing down and aVF is pointing down, what axis does it have?

Answer 25

Extreme right axis deviation (2 thumbs down)

Question 26

If lead I is pointing up and aVF is pointing down, what axis does it have?

Answer 26

Left axis deviation (Leaving each other)