Inhaled Anesthetics Flashcards
The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase inside of a closed container
Vapor pressure
______ occurs when vapor pressure is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure
Boiling
A _____ solute will be more soluble in a hydrophilic solvent while a ____ solute will be more soluble in a lipophilic solvent
Polar
Non polar
What percentage of body weight is accounted for by the VRG?
10%
What by-product of halothane metabolism has been implicated in causing halothane hepatitis?
Trifluoroacetic acid
“Changes in alveolar ventilation affect the rate of rise of FA/FI” represents what effect?
Ventilation effect
List 5 causes of right-to-left cardiac shunt
TOF
Foramen ovale
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
Tricuspid atresia
Ebstein’s anomaly
Which VA is affected the most by a right-to-left cardiac shunt?
Des (lowest solubility)
Which VA is affected the least by a right-to-left cardiac shunt?
Iso (greatest solubility)
Which anesthetic agents bear the closest chemical resemblance?
Des & Iso
The Meyer-Overton rule states:
Lipid solubility is directly proportional to potency
The ________ states that all anesthetics share a similar MOA but each may work at a different site
Unitary hypothesis
VA produce immobility in the ____ of the spinal cord
Ventral horn
Which inhaled anesthetic suppresses the hypoxic ventilators response the least? (Iso, Des, Sevo)
Des
Sevo at 1.5MAC increases:
Cerebral blood volume
Sevo
Desflurane
Isoflurane
Halothane
VA relaxation of which muscles contributes to upper airway obstruction?
Tensor palatine muscles or genioglossus
MEPs monitor the integrity of the ________. This is perfused by ______
Corticospinal tract;
Anterior spinal artery
SSEPs monitor the integrity of the _______. This is perused by __________
Dorsal column;
Posterior spinal arteries
Strength of the nerve response
Amplitude
Speed of nerve conduction
Latency
You should be concerned about nerve ischemia when amplitude decreases by ____ or when latency increases by ___
> 50%
10%
nitrous oxide
