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APEX > OB > Flashcards

OB Flashcards

1
Q

What hormones contribute to vascular engorgement and hyperemia during pregnancy?

A

Progesterone
Estrogen
Relaxin

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2
Q

The uterus receives __% of cardiac output

A

10

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3
Q

How much does CO increase through the stages of labor?

A

1st stage= ^ 20%
2nd stage= ^ 50%
3rd stage= ^ 80%

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4
Q

What causes decreased SVR/PVR in pregnancy?

A

Progesterone causes:
•increased nitric oxide -> vasodilation
• a decreased response to angiotensin & NE

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

Which stage of labor begins with the onset of perineal pain?

A

Second stage

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Which local anesthetic reduces the efficacy of epidural morphine?

A

2-Chloroprocaine
(It antagonizes mu and kappa receptors in the spinal cord)

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9
Q

Why is lidocaine not used for continuous epidural infusion?

A

Tachyphylaxis and I crossed the placenta to a greater degree

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10
Q
A
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11
Q
A
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

What medications should be given for prophylaxis against aspiration?

A

Sodium citrate
H2 receptor antagonist (ranitidine)
Gastrokinetic agent (metoclopramide)

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14
Q

At what point are pregnant patients considered full stomachs?

A

18-20 weeks gestation

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15
Q

When is the highest risk for teratogenicity in the pregnant patient?

A

Organogenesis (day 13-60)

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16
Q
A
17
Q

A healthy placenta produces thromboxane Nd prostacyclin in equal amounts; what is the ratio produced in a or with preeclampsia?

A

7 x more thromboxane than prostacyclin

18
Q

The presence of _____ differentiates eclampsia from preeclampsia

A

Seizures

19
Q

What is the antidote for mag toxicity?

A

10mL of 10% calcium gluconate IV

20
Q
A
21
Q

What type of placental disorder is a/w painless vaginal bleeding?

A

Placenta previa

22
Q

6 risk factors for placental abruption

A

PIH
Preeclampsia
Chronic HTN
Cocaine abuse
Smoking
Excessive alcohol use

23
Q
A
24
Q

List 3 causes of DIC that occurs during labor and delivery

A

Amniotic fluid embolism
Placenta abruption
Intrauterine fetal demise

25
Q

List 4 risk factors of uterine atony

A

Multiparty
Multiple gestations
Polyhydramnios
Prolonged oxytocin infusion before sx

26
Q
A

6

27
Q
A
28
Q

What is the normal SpO2 of the newborn immediately after delivery? How long before it reaches 90%?

A

60%
10 min

29
Q

Which analgesic technique is a/w the highest incidence of fetal bradycardia?

A

Paracervical block (especially with bupivacaine)

APEX (29 decks)

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