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Board 2019 > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

connects extension arm and tube head, can revolve 360

A

Yoke

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2
Q

Measures the amount of current passing through the wires of the circuits; determines the available number of free electrons at the cathode filament; determines the amount of xrays produced

A

mA

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3
Q

determines the speed of electrons traveling from cathode to anode; determines the PENETRATING ability of the xrays produced.

A

Kvp

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4
Q

a — kvp produces a radiograph with long scale contract; many shades of black to white

A

high

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5
Q

the timer regulates duration of the interval the current will pass through the xray tube. how many impulses?

A

60

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6
Q

electricity continuously flows in one direction. well suited for digital radiography

A

direct contact

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7
Q

the measurement of the number of electrons moving through a wire conductor

A

amerage

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8
Q

majority of dental x ray units operate in ranges from — mA to — mA

A

7-15

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9
Q

the electrical pressure between two electrical charges; the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to flow through a conductor; in radiography, determines speed of electrons traveling from cathode to anode

A

voltage

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10
Q

the highest voltage to which the current in the tube rises during exposure; majority of dental x ray untis operate in range of 65 to 100 kvp

A

kvp

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11
Q

1 percent of — is converted to xray, 99 is loss to heat

A

energy

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12
Q

heat is carried away and absorbed by insulating oil

A

true

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13
Q

results in freed electrons to form cloud and hover around the filament wire recessed in the focusing cup until exposure button is pressed

A

thermionic emission

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14
Q

wavelengths and frequency are inversely related

A

true

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15
Q

xrays travel in — lines
have no charge
can cause latent image

A

straight

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16
Q

aka thompson scattering, low energy xray passes near atoms outer electron. it may be scattered without loss of energy, the xray is scattered and unchanged

A

coherent scattering

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17
Q

electromagnetic energy of xray is imparted in the form of kinetic energy causing the electron to fly from its orbit with considerable speed.

A

photoelectric effect

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18
Q

exposure is per —- in —- units

A

coulombs per kilogram, and roentgen

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19
Q

absorbed dose is per — and in — units

A

gray, rad

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20
Q

dose equivelent is — to — units

A

sievert, rem

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21
Q

occupational exposure limit is — mSv in one year

A

50, 5 rem

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22
Q

occupational lifetime exposure limit is — mSv times the number of an individuals age

A

10

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23
Q

pregnant dental personnel occupation exposure limit is

A

.5 mSV/month

24
Q

general public is permitted — in one year

A

.5 rem or 5mSv

25
Q

Lymphoid, organs, bone marrow, testes, and ovaries, small intestines, fetal cells

A

HIGHLY RADIOSENSITIVE

26
Q

muscle, brain, spinal cord

A

low radio

27
Q

reduces size of the xray beam impacts area of tissue exposed to primary xray beams reduces scatter

A

collimator

28
Q

single most effective method of reducing radiation to patient

A

rectangular

29
Q

rectangular collimation reduces patient exposure by

A

70 percent

30
Q

must restrict x ray beam to — at the skin surface

A

2.75 inches

31
Q

safety standards require equivalent of 1.5 mm aluminum for xray machines operating in ranges below 70 kvp and a minimum of 2.5 mm aluminmum for machines operating at or above 70 kvp

A

true

32
Q

the longer the pid the less

A

radiation to the patient

33
Q

lead apron must contain — mm of lead

A

.25

34
Q

second most effective method of reducing radiation to patient

A

fast film

35
Q

6 feet away at – – from head of patient

A

90 -135

36
Q

sensitive to radiation, retain the latent image when exposed to xrays

A

silver halide crystals

37
Q

the thicker the emulsion the faster the film.

the larger the crystal the faster the film

A

both true

38
Q

inadequate rinsing during any technique results in film turning — eventually

A

brown

39
Q

— or — watt incandescent white light with a safelight filter over it

A

7.5-15

40
Q

safelight must be minimum of — from working area

A

4 feet

41
Q

reduces exposed silver halide crystals to black metallic silver

A

developer

42
Q

stops further film development, establishes the image perm. on the film, removes the unexposed silver halide crystals, hardens the emulsion

A

fixer

43
Q

utilizing the occlusal radiographic technique along with parallel or bisecting the angle

A

right angle method

44
Q

produces images by utilzing a narrow beam of xrays to image a curved layer of slice of tissue

A

tomography

45
Q

the area between the xray source and the film where structures will be imaged clearly on the radiograph

A

focal trough

46
Q

frankfort plane needs to be parallel to the

A

floor

47
Q

chin to far forward

A

anterior teeth blurred and diminisehd

48
Q

chin to far back

A

anterior teeth blurred and magnified

49
Q

when the patients chin is tipped to low in pan xray the teeth on the anterior will be positioned closer to the film. the anterior teeth will appear blurry and magnified on the processed film

A

both false

50
Q

which of the following would be best for imaging perio disease

A

periapical radiographs exposed using paralleling tech

51
Q

when the automatic processor is working properly, how will an unexposed film exit the return chute?

a. wet and dark
b. dry and dark
c. wet and clear
d. dry and clear

A

dry and clear

52
Q

where should the embossed identification dot be positioned when taking periapical radiographs

a. toward the midline of the oral cavity
b. toward the distal of the oral cavity
c. toward the palate of the floor of the mouth
d. toward the incisal or occlusal edge of the tooth

A

d

53
Q

when viewing a radiographic film you identify the inverted y. what makes the y?

a. dense cartilage structure that seperates the right nasal fossa from the left
b. lateral wall of the nasal fossa and the anterior medial wall of the max sinus
c. delineation of the midline of the palate and the junction of the right and left maxilla
d. the opening that serves for the passage of nerves and blood vessels to max incisors

A

b

54
Q 
which of the following is a radiolucent image evident on max cent periapical film
a. nasal fossa
b. nasal septum
c lingual foramen
d.anterior nasal spine
A

a

55
Q

which of the following removes the unexposed silver halide crystals from film emulsion during film processing

a. elon
b. hydroquinone
c. sodium thiosulfate
d. potassium bromide

A

c

56
Q

why is f speed film recommended over d speed film

a. processess faster
b. exposes two films at once
c. greater sensitivity to radiation
d. more comy in patients mouth

A

c

57
Q 
which age of patient would be more sensitive to ionizing radiation
a. 6.
b. 16
c 30
d 60
A

a1

Board 2019 (12 decks)

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