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Board 2019 > Periodontology > Flashcards

Periodontology Flashcards

1
Q

Perio

A

gingiva
pdl
cemetum
alveolar bone

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2
Q

gingiva is

A

keritinized

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3
Q

what category describes most gingivitis?

A

chronic plaque associated gingivitis

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4
Q

bulbous «>

A

festooned

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5
Q

where the gingival condition appears to large for the space “squeezed out

A

bulbous

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6
Q

rounding and enlargement of the gingival margin

life saver

A

festooned

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7
Q

marginal tissue is not stippled

A

true

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8
Q

hallmark sign of acute inflammation is

A

edema

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9
Q

the most obvious result of vasodialtation of the peripheral circulation was edema

A

true

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10
Q

fibrosis is the hallmark sign of

A

chronic inflammation

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11
Q

what is the shock absorber for nerve vessels?

A

PDL

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12
Q

extend interproximally over alveolar crest embedded in cementum of 2 adjacent teeth “ortho:

A

transseptal fibers

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13
Q

largest and most significant fiber group that extends from cementum coronally to the bone

A

oblique fiber

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14
Q

with stands masticaory stress in vertical direction

A

oblique

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15
Q

most prominant cell in the pdl responsible for collagen synthesis and degradation

A

fibroblasts

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16
Q

cementum is thinnest at the

A

cej

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17
Q

the main function of cementum is to provide attachment to the collagen fibers presented in the

A

pdl

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18
Q

crest of the alveolar bone should be

A

1-2 mm apical to the cej

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19
Q

base of the pocket is coronal to the alveolar bone “all gingival pockets”

A

suprabony defect

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20
Q

base of pocket is apical to the crest of the alveolar bone

A

infrabony defect

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21
Q

all gingival pockets are

A

suprabony defects

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22
Q

pregnancy associated gingivitis and pyogenic granuloma result from

A

prevotella intermedia and camphylobacter rectus

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23
Q

a healthy periodontium needs vitamin — and —-

A

c and protien

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24
Q

incubation 1 week, fever, lymphodenopathy and pain

A

herpes

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25
Q

specific causes of gingival inflammation include open contact and subgingival margins of restorations

A

true

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26
Q

downward or apical migration of the je

loss of connective tissue attachment

A

periodontitis

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27
Q

aggressive periodontitis is usually genetic

A

true

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28
Q

what tooth is most often the first affected regarding periodontitis

A

max first molar

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29
Q

the most common pathogens involved in aggressive periodontitis is aggregatibacter actinomyucetemcomitans and porhyromas gingivalis

A

true

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30
Q

deficiency of neutrophils or polymorphonucleur cells are called

A

neutropenia

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31
Q

most active cells in a perio pocket

A

PMNS

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32
Q

there is evidence for an association between periodontal inflammation and multiple sclerosis suggesting perio therapy may positively impact ms

A

true

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33
Q

in patients with no known systemic disease or immune dysfunction NUP appears to share many of the clinical and eitologic characteristics of nug except that patients with NUP

A

demonstrate loss of CAL and alveolar bone

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34
Q

the microbes most often associated with NUP/ NUG are

A

spirochetes especially treponema denticola

prevotella intermedia and porphyromonas gingivals

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35
Q

nug and nup tx

A

tetra

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36
Q

punched out papillae
pseudomembrane
fetid odor
pain sever inflammation

A

nup/nug

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37
Q

a common lesion that develops exclusively on the gingiva and is characteristically found at the opening of a fistula tract of a periapical infection. it can vary in size and removal of the source of infection through endodontic therpay or tooth extraction

A

parulis “gum boil”

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38
Q

results when infection spreads deep into periodontal pockets and drainage is blocked food impaction calculus etc may develop after perio debridement

A

periodontal abscess

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39
Q

a periapical abcess requires a periapical film, a — abcess will not generally show up on a radigraphy

A

periodontal

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40
Q

stillmans cleft is indicated by — loss of tissue or papilla

A

stillmans cleft

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41
Q

occlusal trauma does not cause perio disease

A

true

42
Q

the process by which neutrophils sqeese between the endothilial cells and emigrate into the tissue from the blood vessel

A

diapidesis/emigration

43
Q

what immediately follows initial vasoconstriciton in the acute inflammatory responce

A

vasodialition

44
Q

movement of cells to the site of inflammation is termed

A

chemotaxis

45
Q

what stage is the initial lesion 2-4 days with no clinical changes

A

stage 1

46
Q

4-7 days, clinical signs of gingivitis appear, sulular lining develops rete pegs

A

stage 2 gingivitis or early lesion

47
Q

2-3 weeks gingival enlargment, wided intra cellular spaces in pocket lining

A

stage 3 established lesion

48
Q

advanced lesion. transitions from gingivitis to periodontitis, irreversible, 3 weeks to life, bone loss

A

stage 4 advanced

49
Q

to check tooth mobililty

A

use two hard handed instruments no fingers

50
Q

is the palpable vibration of root surfaces, as the patient taps teeth together, generally checked by using the pad of the index fiingers against the tissue overlying the root surface

A

fremitus

51
Q

the attached gingiva is tightly connected to the cementum on the cervical 1/3 of the root and to the periosteum of the alveolar bone

A

true

52
Q

what is related to hyperemia

A

reversible pulpitis

53
Q

a mild pupal inflammation usually resulting from placement of a deep restoration

A

reversible pulpitis

54
Q

is a condition in which there is a connection from the sinus to the exraction site

A

penumatization

55
Q

following initial periodontal therapy a —- to — re evaluation appointment is necessary to determine effectiveness of tx

A

4-6

the first thing to asses is degree of inflammation still present

56
Q

phenytoin (dilantin)
cyclosporine
nifedipine (procardia)

A

gingival enlargement

57
Q

enlargement due to an increase in cell cize

A

hypertrophy

58
Q

enlargerment due to an increase in cell numbers

A

hyperplasia

59
Q

smokers are at increased risk for developing perio disease due to microvasculature vasoconstriction they do not have an increase risk for caries

A

true and true

60
Q

black hairy tongue is associated with

A

a smoking habit

61
Q

hairy leukoplakia is associated

A

with hiv infection and caused by EBV not smoking

62
Q

what has spontaneous bleeding and increased incidence of apthous ulcers

A

nup

63
Q

a case study featuring a patient with marginal inlammation around a max anterior crown would want you to identify the cause as

A

poorly fitted crown

64
Q

plaque formation
primary colonizers gram +
secondary gram - and gram +

A

and late include porphyromonas gingivallis and spirochetes

65
Q

pellicle formation begins within

A

seconds of debridement, within one week tertiary colonizers may be present

66
Q

group of bacteria that are recongized as the most important pathogen in adult perio disease. these bacteria are usually found together in perio pockets suggesting that they mau cause destruction of perio tissue in a cooperative manenr

A

red complex

67
Q

most common periopathogen

A

porpyromonas gingivallis

68
Q

treponema denticola

A

nup/nug

69
Q

associated wtih aggressive perio

A

aggratibacter actinomycetemcomians

70
Q

critical role in biofilm formation

A

fusoabacterium nucleatum

71
Q

what shape are most bacteria found in periodontally diseased sites

A

rod shaped

72
Q

what increases as plaque matures

A

facultative anaerobes

73
Q

makes up the bulk of plaque biofilm and fuctions to hold bacteria together in a biofilm

A

facultative anaerobes

74
Q

what are found in acquired pellicle

A

glycoprotiens

75
Q

what is used to tx psuedo pockets and gingival hyperplasia

A

gingivectomy

76
Q

what requires gingival flap

A

osseous surgery

77
Q

used to increase the apposition of incision edges and decrease the distance that cells need to migrate in the wound healing process

A

sutures

78
Q

minimally invasive procedure designed to treat recession. a small pinhole is created by piercing the mucosa apical to the mucogingival junction in the area of recession.

A

pinhole surgical technique PST

79
Q

the main reason people receive regenerative procedures is to treat

A

infrabony defects

80
Q

the more walls the

A

the better the prognosis

81
Q

a one wall defect is

A

difficult to tx

82
Q

perio packs containing —- are irritating to gingival tissue

A

eugenol

83
Q

what maintains tissue contour

A

periodontal dressing

84
Q

fibroblasts synthesize and deposit fibronectin collagen and prteoglycans the resulting tissue is cellular, red and highly vascular it is termed

A

granulation tissue

85
Q

what causes swelling pain and inflammation

A

prostaglandins

86
Q

causes inflammation bronchoconstriction air way obstruction and increase cellular infiltration and cytokine relase

A

leukotrienes

87
Q

leukotrienes are derived from leukocytes like neutrophils basophils macrophages eosinphils and

A

mast cells

88
Q

loss of alveolar bone, gingival recession, 1-2 mm long root exposure

A

dehiscence

89
Q

window of bone loss, bordered by alveolar bone along its coronal aspect

A

fenestration

90
Q

which of the following types of sutures would not require a follow up visit for removal

A

catgut

91
Q

which periodontal ligament fiber bundle is most involved in orthodontic movement of teeth

A

transeptal fiber group

92
Q

when you examine your patients gingiva you notice the interdental papillae are swollen and appear to be squeezed out of the embrasure space

a. clefted
b. blunted
c. bulbous
d. festooned

A

bulbous

93
Q

what effect does tobacco use have on gingival tissue

a. increase cal
b. increase edema
c. increase bleeding
d. increase caries risk

A

a

94
Q

leukotrienes are derived from

a. t cells
b. mast cells
c. complement
d. prostoglandins

A

b

95
Q

what is the best indicator that damage to the periodontium is progressing.

a. increased fibrosis
b. increase in probe depths
c. increase in cal
d. coronal migration of the je

A

c

96
Q

your patient presents with a history of a kidney transplants. she states that she currently takes cyclosporine on a daily basis. when examining her gingival tissues, you notice generalized tissue enlargement with probing depths ranging from 5-7 mm. additonally the pocket bases are coronal to the alveolar crest. radiographically the crest of the alveolar bone is `-1 mm apical to the cej what type of periodontal defect is this

A

suprabony defect

97
Q

a common minimally invasive surgical technique used to treat areas of recession is known as

a. bone grafting
b. soft tissue curettage
c. pinhole surgical technique
d. internal flap augmentation

A

c

98
Q

your patient presents with diffuse marginal gingival red that has been non responsive to home care and in office tx. in reviewing the health history you notice that this patient is taking nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors NRTi’s what is likely condition causing gingival presentation

a. aggressive gingivitis
b. NRTIS associated edema
c. linear gingival ertytmea
d. NUG

A

c

99
Q

what is the term that describes the process by which neutrophils squeeze between the endothilial cells to relocate into the tissue from the blood vessel

A

emigration

100
Q

at what stage of histopathology does a periodontal lesion become irreversibe.

A

stage 4

Board 2019 (12 decks)

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