Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Board 2019 > nutrition > Flashcards

nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

how many nutrients are there?

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

carbs proteins and fats are

A

macronutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

vitamins, minerals, and water are

A

micronutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

also called saccharides are molecular compounds made from just three elements carbon hydrogen and oxygen

A

carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

provide fuel for the body and brain

4 kilocalories per gram

A

carb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

main fuel for the body and sole source of energy for the brain

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

refers to glucose derived from starch such as corn

A

dextrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

most abundant carb in nature

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sweetest of monosacharies

A

fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

all vegetables contain high levels of

A

fructose

asparagus artichoke broccoli leek cabbage onion tomato peanuts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

glucose and fructose make

A

sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sucrose is also known as

A

table sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3.9 calories per gram

A

sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

of all the sweeteners —- is most implicated in dental caries development

A

sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

true/false

xylitol works most effectively on teeth that are erupting

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sweet n low

bitter after taste common

A

saccharin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

equal and NutraSweet

not to be used in baking or cooking

A

aspartame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PKU consideration

A

cannot use aspartame

all aspartame containing products must contain a pku warning label

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a better version of aspartame that doesn’t require warning labels is

A

neotame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Splenda

safe for diabetics

A

sucralose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

carbs with three to ten units of glucose are sometimes called

A

ogliosaccarides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

starch is a mixture of two polysaccharides

A

amylose

and amylopectin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

poorly soluble in water and slowly digestible

A

amylose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

nutritionally what is the most important carb

A

starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

glycogen is a

A

polysaccharide that is the storage form of glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where is glycogen stored

A

liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

recommended daily fiber is

A

25-38 grams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

initial digestion begins in the oral cavity with the secretion of salivary amylase which converts polysaccharide into maltose

A

polysaccharide starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

children and adults should consume 45 to 65 percent of their calorie intake as carbs

A

atleast 130 grams of carbs per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

most common cause of diabetes associated death

A

increased cardiovascular risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

most common related diabetes emergency

A

hypogycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

essential
non essential
conditional

A

amino acids 3 groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

cannot be made up by the body must come from food

A

essential amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

can be synthesized in the body generally in the liver

A

nonessential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

a complete —- will provide the body with all nine of the essential amino acids

A

protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

complete proteins are found only in

A

animal products and soy

38
Q

found in non animal foods and are generally considered healthy, nuts beans legumes rice grains

A

incomplete proteins

39
Q

combining rice and beans are an example of

A

complementary proteins

40
Q

protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of an enzyme called

41
Q

to waste away

42
Q

severe protein deficiency

occurs most often in children 18 months to 2 years of age

A

kwashiokor

43
Q

bulging of the abdomen could be due to

A

kwashiokor

44
Q

increase serum cholesterol levels

A

saturated fats

45
Q

maintain serum cholesterol levels

A

monounsaturated

46
Q

most abundant fatty acid in nature

A

oleic acid and it is mono

47
Q

—- are simply fat molecules that have more than one unsaturated carbon bond in the molecule. Liquid in consistency. helps develop and maintain cells and contribute vitamin e to the diet

A

polyunsaturated fatty acids

48
Q

lowering cardiovascular risk by lowering cholesterol leels

49
Q

one gram of fat has

A

9 calories

9 kilocalories per gram

50
Q

how many vitamins are there

51
Q

fat soluble vitamins are easier for the body to store than water soluble, storage is usually in the liver and adipose tissue

52
Q

vitamins are not readily excreted so they can build up toxic levels

53
Q

inadequate vitamin - consumption can alter keratinization of oral tissues

54
Q

Which vitamin e is the only form that is recognized to meet human requirements

A

alpha tocophereol

55
Q

the most common source of vitamin k in the us diet is

56
Q

unlike fat soluble vitamins water soluble vitamins can be destroyed by heat or by being exposed to the air they can also be lost in water used for cooking

57
Q

B1

58
Q

b1 deficiency

59
Q

b2

A

riboflavin

60
Q

b3

61
Q

what defiiency is found in alcholics

62
Q

remembered as the 4’Ds dementia diarrhea dermatitis and death

63
Q

b9

A

folate folic acid

64
Q

plays an important role in preventing birth defects during early pregnancy spina bilfida

A

b9 folic acid

65
Q

b12

66
Q

which vitamin is needed for folate metabolism

67
Q

what vitamin is found only in animal products but vegans can obtain b12 from sea vegetables and fortified soy milk

68
Q

friable tissue and gingival bleeding are associated with

A

vitamin c definicieny

69
Q

glossitis suggests what deficiency

70
Q

glossitis and cheilosis suggest what deficiency

71
Q

gingivitis stomatititis and glossitis may indicate — deficiency

72
Q

most abundant mineral in the body, 98 percent in bone tissue, 1 percent in the teeth

73
Q

forms and maintains bone and tooth structure, coagulates blood

74
Q

what is needed to absorb calcium

75
Q

osteoporosis is a deficency of what two vitamins

A

calcium and vitamin d

76
Q

what does not cause hypertension but does aggravate it

77
Q

saccarides are molecular compounds made up of

A

carbon hydrogen and oxygen

78
Q

all of the following are monosaccharies except one

a. glucose
b. ,maltose
c. frucotse
d. galactose

79
Q

a patient presents for tx with angular cheilosis, which of the following is a potential cause for the condition

a. zinc deficiency
b. vitamin c deficiency
c. pyridoxine deficiency
d. elevated serum vitamin d levels

80
Q

when performing an intra oral exam on your patient you notice that their tongue is swollen painful and could be described as beefy. what nutrient definiciecy might be involved

a. zinc
b. niacin
c. calcium
d. vitamin a

81
Q

pale oral mucosa may result from deficiency of what nutrient

a. ricin
b. sodium
c. leucine
d. vitamin b 12

A

vitamin b12

82
Q

cows milk is an excellent source of what vitamin

83
Q

salivary amalyse is involved in the initial digestion of

a. fats
b. protein
c. dietary fiber
d. polysaccarides

84
Q

kwashiorkor is characterized by all of the following except

a. enlarged liver
b. stomach shrinkage
c. sufficient calorie intake
d. insufficient protein consumption

85
Q

collagen formation degradation and quality depends on what co factor

86
Q

as a polysaccaride dextrans are metabolized from

a. sucrose
b. maltose
c. fructose
d. glycogen

87
Q

wernicke korsakoff syndrome is associated with what type of deficieny

a. thiamine
b. folic acid
c. riboflavin
d. ascorbic acid

88
Q

the most common disease in which glycogen metabolism becomes abnormal is

89
Q

which nutrient is required for folate metabolism

a. niacin
b. riboflavin
c. cobalamin
d. ascorbic acid

90
Q 
omega 6 fatty acid is
a. linolenic acid.
b a non essential fatty acid
c. used to make eicosanoids
d. found in oily fish
91
Q

tocopherol is associated with all of the following except one

a. water solubility
b. antioxative reactions
c. immune function enhancement
d. inhibition of platelet aggregation

A

water solubility

92
Q

beri beri is associated with

a. ricketts
b. nystagmus
c. b6 deficinecy
d. developed countries

Board 2019 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions