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Trakesha's 4th Quarter > RA Exam 1 > Flashcards

RA Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

mathematical relationship of the size of the features to each other and or to the head or with the width or length of the face

A

facial proportions

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2
Q

length

A

vertical

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3
Q

width

A

horizontal

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4
Q

the vertical measurement of a part of a feature

A

height

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5
Q

The value of study of facial proportions…

A
  1. Note the similarities in the size of facial features

2. Note the differences in size relationships

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6
Q

Everything is guided by

A

proportions

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7
Q

Standard or norm which an embalmer can compare the deceased

A

Canon of Beauty

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8
Q

Bilateral form of the head and features

A

Most faces don’t match symmetrically, they’re asymmetrical:
Both eyes may not be the same width.
One side of the mouth may be wider than the other.
One side of the nose may be wider than the other.
One cheek may be more prominent than the other.
The ears exhibit the greatest differences in position, form and size.

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9
Q

The four surfaces of the face that exhibit a similarity of bilateral curvatures.

A

Forehead / Cheeks / Superior integumentary lip / Chin

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10
Q

Horizontally, the face is divided by ____ lines, which create ___ special zones

A

8

6

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11
Q

the 1st horizontal division of the face

divide the face into two equal halves by drawing a line at:

A
  1. Vertex of the cranium (top of the head).
  2. Line of eye closure
  3. Base of the chin
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12
Q

the 2nd horizontal division of the face

divide the face in three equal parts by drawing lines through:

A
  1. The normal hairline
  2. Eyebrow and top of the ear
  3. Base of the nose and base of ear lobe
  4. Base of the chin
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13
Q

the 3rd horizontal division of the face

divide the area between the base of the nose and the base of the chin into three equal parts by drawing lines through:

A
  1. Base of the nose
  2. Line of closure of the lips
  3. Top of the chin
  4. Base of the chin
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14
Q

Vertical lines are used to determine the width of head features by using _____________as a standard of measurement

A

the width of the eye

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15
Q

1st vertical division of the face

A

Extension from the medial corner of each eye to the corner of the wing of the nose.

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16
Q

2nd vertical division of the face

A

Extend a line down from the lateral corner of each eye. The line will extend to the sides of the face.

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17
Q

3rd vertical division of the face

A

Extend a line down from the middle of the eye. This line will extend to the corner of the mouth

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18
Q

Using different facial features as units of measurements for the face

A

PROPORTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS

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19
Q

widest part of the head is measured by the distance between

A

the two parietal eminences

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20
Q

The face is ______ long

A

three noses

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21
Q

The length of the nose is equal to ?

A

length of the ear

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22
Q

The width of the nose at the wings is equal to?

A

the width of the ear

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23
Q

The face is ________ from zygomatic arch to zygomatic arch

A

five eyes wide

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24
Q

The distance between the eyes is equal to

A

the width of one eye

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25
Q

The mouth is _______ wide

A

two eyes

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26
Q

The superior border of the ear is on the same horizontal plane as?

A

the eyebrows

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27
Q

The inferior border of the ear is on the same horizontal plane as

A

the base of the nose

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28
Q

The face is _____ long

A

three ears

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29
Q

“When using the thumb and index finger as a unit of measure, hold the thumb parallel to the index finger. The distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the finger is equal to the following measurements:

A

The length of the ear
The length of the nose
The normal hairline to the root of the nose
The base of the nose to the bottom of the chin.”

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30
Q

Which four measurements are equal?

A

Ear passage to the tip of the nose
Eyebrow to the base of the chin
Hairline to the base of the nose
Ear passage to ear passage.

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31
Q

the height of an average adult

A

7 ½ to 8 heads tall

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32
Q

the most common geometric head shape

A

Oval

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33
Q

The distance from the root of the nose to the base of the wing of the nose is equal to

A

the length of the first two joints of the index finger

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34
Q

The vertical distance from the base of the nose to the line of closure of the lips is equal to

A

the distance from the tip of the index finger to the first joint

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35
Q

The width of the face is equal to

A

two thirds of the length of the face

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36
Q

exhibit the greatest differences in position, form and size.

A

ears

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37
Q

bilateral form is simply

A

bilateral silhouette

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38
Q

exhibit the greatest differences in position, form, and size

A

ears

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39
Q

features enhancing asymmetry

A

eyelids & eyebrows
ears
cheeks
nose & mouth

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40
Q

this view will show size, length, and width of features in the relationship to the face

A

frontal view

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41
Q

this view will show appearance of the lips and fullness of the cheeks

A

profile view

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42
Q

this view will shoe appearance of lips and the fullness of the cheeks

A

three quarter view

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43
Q

what position would you look at a photo to get the same view that an embalmer would use for RA

A

inverted or upside down position

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44
Q

try to secure a photograph for both

A

wax restorations and everyday cosmetics

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45
Q

advantages of a portrait

A

size is good

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46
Q

disadvantages of a portrait

A

“touch up”

artistic lighting

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47
Q

advantages of snapshot

A

may reveal imperfections

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48
Q

in a portrait or a snapshot you will get which view

A

frontal

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49
Q

reveal asymmetry

A

inversion

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50
Q

surface lying at right angles to the source of illumination which reflects the maximum amount of light. Help to reveal fullness of the chin, upper lip, and nose

A

Highlight

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51
Q

surface which does not lie at right angle to the source of illumination; they are obscured by other surfaces and which reflect little or no light

A

Shadow

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52
Q

lighting from above; when there is no special placement

A

Normal lighting

53
Q

specific guided lighting; this lighting is purposeful

A

Directional lighting

54
Q

flash photography; very dark with a burst of light from flash

A

Flat lighting

55
Q

the silhouette of the face from a side view

A

facial profiles

56
Q

Refers to the difference of paired features; the two sides of a feature or both “halves” of the face. (Difference between the two ears). Glossary definition: lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion

A

asymmetry

57
Q

relating to, or having two sides (of face or feature).

A

bilateral

58
Q

a hollow or shallow concave area in a surface

A

depression

59
Q

a part extending beyond the level of its surroundings.

A

projection

60
Q

features enhancing asymmetry

A
  1. Eyelids & eyebrows
  2. Ears
  3. Cheeks
  4. Nose & mouth
61
Q

the lips meet at a point ______ the distance from the base of the nose to base of the chin

A

one third

62
Q

the superior border of the chin is located _____ the distance from the base of the chin to the base of the nose

A

one third

63
Q

the line of closure of the mouth is located ______ the distance from the base of the nose to the superior border of the chin

A

one half

64
Q

the superior border of the chin lies ________ the distance from the base of the chin of the line of closure of the mouth

A

one half

65
Q

the line of closure of the mouth is located _______ the distance from the base of the chin to the base of the nose

A

two thirds

66
Q

the lower third of the face may be divided into ____ relatively equal divisions

A

3

67
Q

of the width of the right eye measures one and one half inches, the distance between the eyes will be approximately ____ inches

A

3

68
Q

if the measurement of one eye was two inches wide, the face at its widest point should measure ______ inches

A

10

69
Q

the distance from the eyebrow to the base of the nose is approximately equal to the

A

length of the ear

70
Q

roughly, the length of the ear is equal to the distance from the ________ to the normal hairline

A

eyebrow

71
Q

the superior border of the ear lies on the same transverse plane as the

A

eyebrows

72
Q

protrudes

A

concave

73
Q

recedes

A

convex

74
Q

profile is composed of a protruding forehead and a receding chin

A

concave convex

75
Q

most common type of facial profile

A

convex

76
Q

convex concave profile has _______ chin

A

protruding

77
Q

when both the forehead and chin protrude, they denote a ________ profile

A

concave

78
Q

a _______ profile has a receding forehead and a vertical chin

A

convex vertical

79
Q

most common head shape

A

oval

80
Q

infantine head shape

A

round

81
Q

head shape where the forehead, cheeks and jawline are approximately the same width

A

square

82
Q

least common head shape

A

triangle

83
Q

head shape where the greatest width is across the cheekbones

A

diamond

84
Q

the outline or surface form

A

contour

85
Q

application of a color which is lighter or brighter than the complexion would highlight the complexion; application of a color darker than the complexion color would shadow the complexion

A

highlighting and shadowing with cosmetics

86
Q

giving or casting of light

A

illumination

87
Q

a photograph or painting in which the subject has been posed and lighted flatteringly by a professional photographer or artist

A

professional portrait

88
Q

the side view of the human head

A

profile

89
Q
  • the return of light waves from the surface; the bending or folding back of a part upon itself
A

reflection

90
Q

from the side view of the head, there are 3 basic forms. What are they?

A

vertical
convex
concave

91
Q

profile type; the forehead, upper lip and chin project to an imaginary vertical line. (The standard). Not any one feature protrudes or recedes more than the other two

A

Vertical (balanced/perindicular) profile

92
Q

the most common profile type. The forehead recedes posteriorly from the eyebrows, while the chin recedes form the plane of the upper lip

A

Convex profile

93
Q

the least common profile type. The forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows, and the chin protrudes beyond the infanite retrousee plane of the upper lip

A

Concave profile

94
Q

in a profile combination the first term refers to the description of the

A

forehead

95
Q

in a profile combination the second term refers to the relationship of the

A

lower lip and chin

96
Q

the so called ideal shape. The cheekbones are wider than the cranium, and the cranium is slightly wider than the lower jaw. The entire face appears to be composed of soft, rounded curves

A

oval

97
Q

short, with full cheeks and a rounded, fuller jawline and a rounded cranium.
Cranium that exhibits the maximum amount of curvature throughout
(Infantine)

A

ROUND

98
Q

appears to be short and composed of straight lines. The forehead, jawline, and cheeks are approximately the same width. The hairline is often straight. Exhibits very little curvature

A

SQUARE

99
Q

appears slightly wider at the jawline than at the cheekbone and forehead. The forehead is the narrowest feature. Eyes are close-set. This is least common head shapes

A

TRIANGLE

100
Q

Characterized by a jawline that is narrower than the cheekbone or forehead. The forehead is the widest feature of the face. Eyes are wide-set.

A

INVERTED TRIANGLE

101
Q

Characterized by wide cheekbones and narrow forehead and jawline. The greatest width is across the cheekbone

A

DIAMOND

102
Q

Long and narrow, the forehead and chin may be rounded or square. The nose usually long.

A

OBLONG

103
Q

The organ of hearing consisting of the external ear, the middle ear, and the internal ear

A

the ear

pinna

104
Q

these change less in a lifetime than any other facial feature

A

ears

105
Q

the ear is made of

A

cartilage

except the lobe

106
Q

ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES OF THE TEMPORAL BONE USED FOR LOCATING THE MODELED EAR:

A

external auditory meatus
zygomatic arch
mandibular fossa
mastoid process

107
Q

divides length of the ear in half; gives approximation of ear

A

zygomatic arch

108
Q

hinged portion of mandibular articulation; located behind and below the ear passage; gives us general idea of where ear passage is

A

mastoid process

109
Q

internal ear bones

these have no effect on surface form

A

malleus
incus
stapes

110
Q

hollows or cavities of the ear

A 
ear passage
concha
triangular fossa
scapha
intertragic notch
111
Q

the orifice that leads into the hearing organ. Is not visible from the frontal view or from the direct profile view

A

ear passage

112
Q

a hollow or cavities; concave shell of the ear; located behind and above the ear passage; deepest depression of the ear; its vertical dimension can be cut in half or divided into a couple of sections because of the crust (leg) that comes through

A

concha (shell)

113
Q

a hollow or cavity; second deepest depression of the ear. Bifurcation between the crura of the antihelix

A

triangular fossa

114
Q

a hollow or cavity; shallowest depression of the ear. Fossa between inner and outer rims of the ear. Sometimes it very tough to find this

A

scapha

115
Q

opening between tragus and antitragus, “spillway” of the ear

A

intertragic notch

116
Q

elevations or ridges

A
  1. Helix & crus
  2. Antihelix & crura
  3. Tragus
  4. Antitragus
  5. lobe
117
Q

the question mark shaped outer rim of the ear. It begins superior to the lobe and ends by attaching to the cheek. The outer rim of the ear

A

Helix

118
Q

the origin of the outer rim lying in the concha. The crus is lateral to (lies upon) the zygomatic arch. Can originate in the anterior area of the concha. ????

A

Crus of the helix

119
Q

the inner rim of the ear, it is wider than the helix

A

Antihelix

120
Q

the bifurcation of the antihelix referred to as the anterior and superior branches

A

Crura

121
Q

the depression between the crura and the helix.

A

Triangular fossa

122
Q

the shallowest depression lying posteriorly between the inner and outer rims

A

Scapha

123
Q

concave shell of the ear, marks the middle one third (1/3) of the ear, deepest depression of the ear

A

Concha

124
Q

the small elevation arising from the cheek and protecting the ear passage.

A

Tragus

125
Q

small eminence obliquely opposite of the tragus. It is located on the superior border of the earlobe

A

Antitragus

126
Q

the hollow between the tragus and antitragus, anteriorly on the upper border of the lobe

A

Intertragic notch

127
Q

the fatty inferior one third (1/3) of the ear. Does not have any cartilage.
Its anterior border attaches to the face or cheek

A

Lobe

128
Q

(Use the anterior margin of the ear as a guide). This line can be somewhat parallel to a line on the boney
profile going from the glabella to the maxilla. From a profile view the line would be parallel to a line
from brow to upper lip

A

INCLINATION OF THE EAR

Trakesha's 4th Quarter (20 decks)

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