Chemistry Exam 4

Question 1

an organic compound containing one or more –CHO groups. R is a hydrocarbon group or hydrogen

Answer 1

Aldehydes

R-CHO

Question 2

functional group of the aldehydes

Answer 2

carbonyl

Question 3

a double bond of oxygen to an end carbon

Answer 3

carbonyl

Question 4

partial oxidation of a primary alcohol will form

Answer 4

an aldehyde

Question 5

an alcohol deprived of hydrogen

Answer 5

aldehyde

Question 6

general formula for aldehyde

Answer 6

R-CHO

Question 7

an aldehyde is always located where?

Answer 7

on an end carbon

Question 8

the first member of the aldehyde family

Answer 8

Methanal

Question 9

common name for Methanal

Answer 9

formaldehyde

Question 10

partial oxidation of carbon

Answer 10

Methanal

formaldehyde

Question 11

line formula for Methanal

Answer 11

HCHO

Question 12

preparation of Methanal

Answer 12

aldehydes are always produced by a partial oxidation of a primary alcohol

Question 13

properties of Methanal

Answer 13

(a) Colorless gas
(b) Irritating odor-pungent
(c) Soluble in water (combines with it to form methylene glycol)
(d) Oxidized to formic acid (common name), methanoic acid (IUPAC)
(e) Polymerization to paraformaldehyde solid form of formaldehyde.
The ability of a substance to form long chains (polymers) of the same basic chemical unit.
(f) Neutralization with ammonia (NH3) forming a salt - urotropin.
(g) Index - the number of grams of formaldehyde gas dissolved in a
100 ml of solution. Expressed as a whole number.

			Lowest	8	jaundice
			Highest	36

Question 14

Uses of formaldehyde

Answer 14

(a) Disinfectant
(b) Preservative – components of embalming solutions that are used to inactivate the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids. They also retard or inhibit decomposition, destroy odor and eliminate their formation and inactivate enzymes

Question 15

aqueous solution- (water mixture of formaldehyde gas and water)

Answer 15

formalin

Question 16

The saturation point of formaldehyde

Answer 16

37% by weight

40% by volume

Question 17

common name acetaldehyde (2nd member of the aldehyde family)

Answer 17

Ethanal

Question 18

perfuming agent

Answer 18

Benzaldehyde

Question 19

organic compounds that contain two carbonyl groups. At least one has to be located on an end carbon

Answer 19

Dialdehydes

Question 20

two types of dialdehydes

Answer 20

(1) Glyoxal – IUPAC name ethanedial

(2) Glutaraldehyde – IUPAC 1, 5 - pentanedial

Question 21

A better disinfectant but not as good as a preservative - larger molecule
Most common aldehyde

Answer 21

Glutaraldehyde – IUPAC 1, 5 - pentanedial

Question 22

class of organic compounds in which the functional group (carbonyl) is/are attached to non- end carbon. Ketones are organic compounds always formed by the partial oxidation of a secondary alcohol.

Answer 22

ketones

Question 23

The minimum number of atoms to form a ketone

Answer 23

3

Question 24

The suffix of all ketones

Answer 24

one

Question 25

general formula for ketones

Answer 25

R-CO-R prime

Question 26

member of the ketones

Answer 26

Propanone (IUPAC)

Question 27

common names for the ketone Propanone

Answer 27

dimethyl ketone or acetone (common names) – solvent | nail polish remover

Question 28

- family of organic compound which contain a carboxyl group off an end carbon

Answer 28

Carboxylic acids (organic acids)

Question 29

general formula for Carboxylic acids (organic acids)

Answer 29

R-COOH

Question 30

two members of the Carboxylic acids (organic acids)

Answer 30

methanoic acid | ethanoic acid

Question 31

common name for methanoic acid

Answer 31

formic acid

Question 32

formed by the partial oxidation of formaldehyde. Active ingredient in bee stings or fire ant bites. (Made from Methanal)

Answer 32

methanoic acid

Question 33

active ingredient in vinegar. (Made from Ethanal

Answer 33

ethanoic acid

Question 34

common name for ethanoic acid

Answer 34

acetic acid

Question 35

a family of organic compounds formed in the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid

Answer 35

esters

Question 36

general formula for esters

Answer 36

R-COOR-R prime

Question 37

two member of esters

Answer 37

ethyl acetate | methyl acetate

Question 38

the IUPAC ending for any ester

Answer 38

ate

Question 39

a member of the ester family, used in disinfectant sprays like Di-San

Answer 39

Ethyl acetate

Question 40

a member of the ester family; its most famous use is as a masking agent, specially fumeless or odorless cavity fluids

Answer 40

Methyl salicylate

Question 41

common name for Methyl salicylate

Answer 41

oil of wintergreen

Question 42

a new class or family of organic compound formed by the reaction between two alcohols

Answer 42

ethers

Question 43

general formula for ethers

Answer 43

R-O-R prime

Question 44

the IUPAC suffix ending for ether

Answer 44

ether

Question 45

a member of the ether family

Answer 45

diethyl ether

Question 46

common name for diethyl ether

Answer 46

ether | anesthetic

Question 47

the first family or class of organic compound which introduce the presence of the element nitrogen into the makeup of the organic compound. 2nd definition: Compounds formed from ammonia, by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with organic radicals

Answer 47

amines

Question 48

ALL Amines must have the presence of one

Answer 48

nitrogen

Question 49

general formula for the amines

Answer 49

R-NH2

Question 50

the IUPAC suffix ending for amines

Answer 50

ine

Question 51

examples of amines

Answer 51

putrecine and cadaverine methyl amine quats

Question 52

the functional group of amines and is represented by NH2

Answer 52

amino

Question 53

Properties of Amines

Answer 53

(1) Alkaline in solution. (pH reading above 7) (2) Disagreeable odor (3) Decomposition products of protein

Question 54

reaction with formaldehyde will be neautralized by

Answer 54

amines

Question 55

Commonly called the Quats; Surface active agents used for disinfection of the skin, oral and nasal cavities, and instruments. Examples: Benzalkonium chloride / Zephrian chloride.

Answer 55

quaternary ammonium compounds

Question 56

Definition 1: organic compounds formed by the neutralization of an organic acid with ammonia. Definition 2: any compound derived from ammonia by substitution of a carbonyl group for hydrogen, or from any acid by replacing the hydroxyl group by an amino group.

Answer 56

amides

Question 57

general formula for the amides

Answer 57

R-CONH-R prime | R dash Connor

Question 58

the IUPAC suffix ending for the amides

Answer 58

ide

Question 59

an amide; used as a solvent and is also a hazardous chemical

Answer 59

diethyl formamide

Question 60

this is listed with the amides, it is produced by body cells

Answer 60

urea

Question 61

organic compounds similar to an alcohol, in which the oxygen of the hydroxyl group has replaced by a sulfur atom

Answer 61

Thioalcohols (Mercaptans)

Question 62

the general formula for the thioalchols (mercaptans)

Answer 62

R-SH

Question 63

the name of the functional group SH

Answer 63

sulfhydral

Question 64

examples of mercaptans

Answer 64

distinct odor in urine caused by increased ingestion of asparagus ethyl maercaptan- a tracer gas so you notice a gas leak

Question 65

DON'T FORGET TO GO OVER THE WORD EQUATIONS YOU NEED TO KNOW THEM LIKE THE BACK OF YOUR HAND. YOU WILL SEE THESE IN TRUE FALSE FORM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Answer 65

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!