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Trakesha's 4th Quarter > Embalming 3 Quarter Final > Flashcards

Embalming 3 Quarter Final Flashcards

1
Q

fatty plaques present in tortuous arteries

A

• Atheroma

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2
Q

dilated or engorged veins, seen in the lower veins

A

• Varices

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3
Q

formed before death (thrombus) post mortem- currant jelly/chicken fat

A

• Clots-

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4
Q

free floating objects in the blood stream. Most common is thrombus in the veins of lower extremities

A

• Emboli

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5
Q

hardening of the arteries

A

• Arteriosclerosis

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6
Q

attached blood clot present during life, present in the veins, especially lower extremities

A

• Thrombus

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7
Q

loss of blood or bleeding; named by size and location. IV site will distend or swell during injection.

A

• Hemorrhage

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8
Q

most common site lungs

A

• Tuberculosis

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9
Q

two forms true/moist; ischemic necrosis plus putrefaction. Moist progresses a lot faster than dry

A

• Gangrene

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10
Q

any type of wound or injury

A

• Trauma

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11
Q

choking- obstruction within the air passage

A

• Asphyxiation

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12
Q

gumma attacks cardiovascular system or CNS (heart or blood vessels)

A

• Syphilis

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13
Q

still attempt vascular embalming, remembering the large blood vessels are the last to decompose

A

still attempt vascular embalming, remembering the large blood vessels are the last to decompose

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14
Q

treatment

A
  1. Reduce pressure and rate of flow
  2. Utilize care in raising vessels
  3. Use gauze or similar material to tie off vessels to prevent cutting or other damage
  4. Proper selection of size of injection and drainage tubes
  5. Pre injection in certain cases
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15
Q

CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH EDEMA

A
  • Phlebitis
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Cirrhosis of the liver
  • Renal failure
  • Carbon monoxide poisoning- (cherry red appearance to tissue, blood doesn’t clot; you won’t need pre injection or co injection)
  • Lymph vessel obstruction
  • Burns (1st and 2nd degree)
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16
Q

Generalized edema

A

Anasarca

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17
Q

Edema in abdominal cavity

A

Ascites

18
Q

Edema in thoracic cavity/pleural cavity

A

Hydrothorax

19
Q

Edema around the pericardium

A

Hydropericardium

20
Q

Edema in a sac-like structure, especially the scrotal sac

A

Hydrocele

21
Q

EMBALMING COMPLICATIONS OF EDEMA

A
  • Distention of tissue
  • Increased secondary dilution
  • Distortion of body contour
  • Possible leakage
  • Possible desquamation (skin slip)
22
Q

EMBALMING TREATMENT OF EDEMA

A
  • Stronger than “normal” solution strength, especially to the area with edema
  • Possible sectional embalming by hypodermic injection
  • Elevation of extremities to allow for gravitation of edematous fluid
  • Special attention must be paid to the area in which edema is present, i.e. the thoracic cavity in the case of hydrothorax
  • Restricted cervical if areas below the head have edema
  • Case analysis will determine embalming procedure
23
Q

Conditions predisposing person to dehydration

A
  • Hemorrhage
  • Febrile diseases
  • Emaciating diseases - cachexia
  • Burns
  • Refrigeration
  • Infectious diseases
24
Q

EMBALMING TREATMENT OF DEHYDRATION

A
  • Large volume
  • Moisture retaining chemicals (humectants, usually very thick)
  • Normal strength solution
  • Control injection pressure and rate of flow
  • Alternate injection and drainage
  • Liberal application of massage cream
  • Light massage
  • Hypodermic tissue builder (fillers)
25
Q

any abnormal color changes present in or on the body (permanent or temporary)

A

DISCOLORATION

26
Q

GENERAL TREATMENT FOR BLOOD DISCOLORATION

A
  1. Flush the vascular system of the discoloring blood
  2. If discoloration is localized, sectional arterial injection and venous drainage may be used in that part
  3. Increased pressure and limited drainage
  4. Sectional or local hypodermic injection of bleaching chemicals
  5. May be lessened in its intensity by applying surface compresses saturated with a bleaching agent
  6. If the discolored area is swollen due to blood then puncture and channel the area to induce the direct outflow of the extravasted blood from the area
27
Q

PATHOLOGICAL DISCOLORATIONS (2ND TYPE OF DISCOLORATION)

A

Ante mortem discolorations which occur during the course of certain diseases

  1. Gangrene
    a. Dry- false
    b. Moist- true; infectious in nature; dead tissue present in life
    c. 3rd type – postmortem – gas which is infectious
  2. Jaundice (icterus) - liver dysfunction; converts yellow bilirubin to green bilirubin, bile to help break down fat.
  3. Addison’s disease (bronzing) (adrenal glands)- Result of TB which has spread into the organs (adrenal glands).
  4. Meningitis (Nisseria menigiditis) – in children; face discoloration.
  5. Lupus vulgaris – TB of skin – discoloration of the skin, skin spotted.
28
Q

Ante mortem or postmortem discolorations which occur due to the deposit of matter on a body surface

A

SURFACE DISCOLORING AGENTS

29
Q

SURFACE DISCOLORING AGENTS

A
  1. Adhesive tape
  2. Blood (ante mortem or postmortem)
  3. Grease
  4. Ink
  5. Iodine
  6. Oil
  7. Paint
  8. Tobacco tars
30
Q

METHODS OF REMOVAL FOR SURFACE DISCOLORATION

A
  1. Mechanical – use an abrading device and wash with a suitable cleaning agent and soft cloth or brushes
  2. Chemical – use a proper solvent
31
Q

IMPORTANCE OF PRE-EMBALMING REMOVAL OF DISCOLORATION

A
  1. May conceal signs of fluid distribution or diffusion

2. Some are more difficult to remove after tissues have firmed from embalming

32
Q

Postmortem discoloration due to action of bacterial and/or autolytic enzymes

A

DISCOLORATION DUE TO DECOMPOSITION CHANGES

33
Q

TREATMENT OF DISCOLORATION DUE TO DECOMPOSITION CHANGES

A
  • General blood discoloration treatment
  • Sectional hypodermic injection of bleaching agents
  • Surface compresses
34
Q

Post mortem discoloration that may be present before embalming but has become more intense, change in he or may have evolved due to embalming

A

DISCOLORATION DUE TO EMBALMING CHEMICALS

35
Q

DISCOLORATION DUE TO EMBALMING CHEMICALS

A
  • Razor burns
  • Formaldehyde grey
  • Conversion of bilirubin to biliverdin in the presence of formaldehyde
  • Eye enucleation discoloration
36
Q

ORGANS RECOVERED

A
  1. Heart
  2. Lungs
  3. Kidneys
  4. Liver
  5. Pancreas
37
Q

TISSUE RECOVERED

A
  1. Eye
  2. Inner ear
  3. Skin (dermatome)
  4. Bone
38
Q

TREATMENT FOR TISSUE RECOVERED

A
  1. Eye
  2. Inner ear – cranial autopsy
  3. Skin- use surface embalming treatment
  4. Bone
    a. Vascular
    b. Hypodermic
    c. Prosthesis
39
Q

CONDITIONS CAUSING DEFORMITIES AND MALFORMATIONS

A

a. Hydrocephalus- excess fluid in the cranial cavity
b. Paralytic conditions
c. Tumors- bone sarcomas
d. General decomposition
e. Hanging
f. Mutilations
g. Corrosive poisoning
h. Burns
i. Arthritis
j. Congenital conditions
k. Fractures

40
Q

TREATMENT OF DEFORMITIES AND MALFORMATIONS

A

a. Mechanical and manual aids – {obtain written authorization}
b. Operative aids to correct deformities (obtain permission). Tendons may be cut and a splint of Plaster of Paris can be used to position the limb properly for casketing
c. Sectional vascular embalming
d. Strength, type and quantity of fluids

Trakesha's 4th Quarter (20 decks)

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