quiz blood stuff

Question 1

process of stopping blood loss

Answer 1

Hemostasis

Question 2

principle mechanism of hemostasis

Answer 2

Blood coagulation

Question 3

mesh of protein filaments that traps blood’s formed elements to
form a red, gelatinous mass

Answer 3

Blood clot

Question 4

Fibrin thread

Answer 4

threads that holds the blood cells together and they seal the
wound to prevent loosing of blood

Question 5

______ become activated upon injury through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways

Answer 5

Clotting factors

Question 6

____ present in the blood at all times in their inactive form and produced in the liver

Answer 6

Clotting factors

Question 7

Vitamin K is required to produce _____( gut flora=Vit k, or from outside)

Answer 7

Clotting factors

Question 8

CF I

Answer 8

Fibrinogen

Question 9

CF II

Answer 9

Prothrombin

Question 10

CF V

Answer 10

Preaccelerin

Question 11

CF VII

Answer 11

Proconvertin

Question 12

CF VIII

Answer 12

Antihemophilic factor

Question 13

Christmas factor

Answer 13

CF IX

Question 14

CF X

Answer 14

Stuart-Prower factor

Question 15

CF XI

Answer 15

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

Question 16

CF XII

Answer 16

Hageman factor

Question 17

CF XIII

Answer 17

Fibrin-stabilizing factor CF XIII

Question 18

Damage to cells within blood vessels and outside of the vessels
 Tissue factor (aka Tissue Thromboplastin) – released by injured cells, both
injured blood vessel cells and injured tissue cells, activates clotting factors
 Tissue factor  Proconvertin (CF 7)  Stuart-Prower factor (CF 10)

Answer 18

Extrinsic Pathway

Question 19

Exposure of collagen fibers of subendothelial cells of blood vessels to blood flow
activates clotting factors
 This pathway ONLY occurs inside injured blood vessels2
 Collagen fibers exposed  Hageman factor (CF 12)  Plasma thromboplastin
antecedent (CF 11)  Christmas factor (CF 9)  Stuart-Prower factor (CF 10)

Answer 19

Intrinsic Pathway

Question 20

 Picking up where the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways left off: activation of CF 10
 CF 10  Prothromin (CF 2)  thrombin  fibrinogen (CF 1)  fibrin
 Fibrin forms a net and traps the formed elements in blood  COAGULATION
(blood clot)

Answer 20

clotting cascade

Question 21

___ is a necessary component of coagulation

Answer 21

Ca2+

Question 22

Patients with severe blood loss are given _____ ____ injections to help with
blood clotting

Answer 22

calcium chloride

Question 23

 ONLY occurs inside injured blood vessels

Answer 23

Platelet Activation and the Platelet Plug

Question 24

Platelet Activation and platelet plug release

Answer 24

1. exposure of collagen fibers of subendothelial cells of blood vessels to
   blood flow
2. von Willebrand factor (circulating in blood in inactive form) becomes
   activated and attaches to the exposed collagen fibers, stopping
   movement of platelets  platelets form a single layer on top of the
   exposed collagen
3. Platelets become activated and then attach a second layer of platelets,
   etc.
    Platelet activation results in the formation of a platelet plug
    The platelet plug physically (mechanically) blocks the damaged blood vessel

Question 25

can be formed inside and outside vessels

Answer 25

blood clots

Question 26

can only be formed inside a blood vessel

Answer 26

platelet plugs

Question 27

Activated platelets release

Answer 27

ADP – promotes platelet activation
o Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) – vasoconstriction
o Growth factors – promote wound healing, fibroblast chemotaxis

Question 28

3 components of Anticoagulation system

Answer 28

hemodynamics
endothelial mediation
fibrinolitic sytem

Question 29

Hemodynamics

Answer 29

– slow blood flow is important for coagulation otherwise

activated CFs get washed out and a clot cannot be formed

Question 30

Endothelial mediation

Answer 30

platelet plug is formed, surrounding uninjured
endothelial cells release prostacyclin (PGI2) which prevents extra or
excess platelet aggregation

Question 31

Fibrinolitic system

Answer 31

– CF 12 also activates tissue plasminogen activator,
which converts plasminogen into plasmin, resulting in degradation of
activated CFs

Question 32

–pinpoint hemorrhages (eg scury)

Answer 32

Petechiae