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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 9 (Digestion) > Flashcards

Quiz 9 (Digestion) Flashcards

1
Q

Space between the lips and teeth

A

vestibule

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2
Q

Bridge of epithelium that connects the gingiva to the back of the lips

A

Superior/inferior labial frenulum

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3
Q

Manipulates materials inside the mouth and may occasionally be used to bring foods into the oral cavity.

A

Tongue

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4
Q

4 functions of the tongue

A

mechanical processing of food
manipulation of food to assist in chewing and swallowing
sensory analysis by touch, temp, and taste receptors
secretion of mucins and an enzyme that aids in fat digestion

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5
Q

Connects the body of the tongue to the mucosa of the oral floor

A

lingual frenulum

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6
Q

Epithelial projections on the tongue are commonly called

A

papillae

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7
Q

papillae that is the smallest and doesn’t have taste buds, mostly present to create friction

A

filiform papillae

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8
Q

papillae that is larger and does contain taste buds (not largest)

A

fungiform papillae

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9
Q

papillae that form the ridges on the lateral, posterior margins of the tongue

A

foliate papillae

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10
Q

Largest papillae at posterior of tongue, Form a V shape and have taste buds

A

circumvallate papillae

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11
Q

These papillae have taste buds

A

fungiform papillae
circumvallate papillae
foliate papillae (only present in children)

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12
Q

Most posterior part of tongue, groove between the tongue and lingual tonsils

A

sulcus terminalis

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13
Q

located at the base of the tongue posterior to the sulcus terminalis

A

lingual tonsils

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14
Q

The palate consists of these structures 3

A

hard palate
soft palate
(uvula)

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15
Q

A general term for palate

A

roof of the mouth

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16
Q

separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

A

hard palate

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17
Q

bones and structures that form the hard palate 2

A

Maxilla, Palatal process of maxilla

Palatine bone, Horizontal plate

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18
Q

Separates oral cavity from nasopharynx and closes off nasopharynx during swallowing

A

soft palate

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19
Q

Helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely, posterior portion of soft palate

A

uvula

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20
Q

Located at the posterior margin of the oral cavity along the boundry of the pharynx and soft palate

A

palatine tonsils

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21
Q

Soft tissue around the teeth

A

gingivae (gums)

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22
Q

perform mastication of food

A

teeth

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23
Q

blade shaped teeth infront of mouth

A

incisors

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24
Q

How many incisors and what are they used for

A 
8 total (4/4)
clipping and cutting
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25
Q

conical with sharp ridgeline and pointed tip

A

cuspids (canines)

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26
Q

how many cuspids and what are the used for

A 
4 total (2/2)
tearing and slashing
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27
Q

have one or two roots, flattened crowns with prominent ridges

A

bicuspids (premolars)

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28
Q

how many bicuspids and what are they used for

A

adults 8 (4/4)
Children 0
crushing and grinding

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29
Q

3+ roots, large flat crowns with prominent ridges

A

molars

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30
Q

how many molars and what are they used for

A 
adults 12 (6/6)
children 8 (4/4)
crushing and grinding
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31
Q

3 sections of a tooth

A

crown
neck
root

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32
Q

visable part of tooth

A

crown

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33
Q

spongy and highly vascular, receives blood vessels and nerves from the root canal

A

pulp cavity

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34
Q

hard outer layer of the crown

A

enamel

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35
Q

does not contain living cells, middle layer of crown, and outer layer of neck and root

A

dentin

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36
Q

boundry between the crown and root of the tooth

A

neck

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37
Q

base of the tooth

A

root

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38
Q

covers dentin of the root providing protection and anchoring the periodontal ligament

A

cementum

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39
Q

extends from dentine of root to alveolar bone.

A

periodontal ligament

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40
Q

forms the gomphosis

A

periodontal ligament

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41
Q

narrow tunnel in root of tooth which blood and nerves enter and exit

A

root canal

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42
Q

Largest salivary gland, weighs 20g, lateral to masseter on side of face

A

parotid salivary gland

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43
Q

empties into the vestibule at the level of the second upper molar

A

parotid duct

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44
Q

another name for parotid duct

A

stensen’s duct

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45
Q

Type of saliva produced by the parotid duct

A

Saliva containing high concentrations of salivary (alpha) amylase

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46
Q

found in the floor of the mouth along the medial surfaces of the mandible inferior to the mylohyoid line

A

submandibular salivary gland

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47
Q

another name for submandibular duct

A

wharton’s duct

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48
Q

submandibular salivary gland produces this type of saliva

A

produce a mixture of mucins and enzymes (salivary amylase

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49
Q

open into the mouth on either side of the lingual frenulum immediately posterior to the teeth

A

submandibular ducts

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50
Q

covered by the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth

A

sublingual salivary gland

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51
Q

the sublingual salivary gland produces this type of saliva

A

mucus secretions

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52
Q

open alone either side of the lingual frenulum (side of tongue)

A

sublingual ducts

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53
Q

another name for the sublingual ducts

A

ducts of Rivinus

54
Q

Superior part of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx

55
Q

found on the posterior/superior wall of the nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal tonsil

56
Q

another name for pharyngeal tonsil

A

Adenoids

57
Q

Role of the tonsils

A

lymphatic/immune system role

58
Q

Opening of the auditory tube is found here

A

nasopharynx

59
Q

extends between the soft palate and the base of the tongue at the level of the hyoid bone

A

oropharynx

60
Q

most inferior part of the pharynx, includes the region lying between the hyoid bone and the entrance of the esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

61
Q

tissue type found in the oropharynx and laryngopharynx

A

nonkeratinized squamous epithelium

62
Q

closes over trachea when swallowing

A

epiglottis

63
Q

collapsible tube that projects anteriorly when swallowing

A

esophagus

64
Q

opening in the diaphragm which the esophagus passes through

A

esophageal hiatus

65
Q

longitudinal folds in the stomach that permit expansion of the gastric lumen

A

rugae

66
Q

smaller curve of the stomach on the right side/medial surface

A

lesser curvature

67
Q

between lesser curvature of the stomach and the liver

A

lesser omentum

68
Q

left, large curve of the stomach, lateral surface

A

greater curvature

69
Q

greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon

A

greater omentum

70
Q

Fatty sheet that lays on the anterior side of the abdominal cavity

A

greater omentum

71
Q

Stomach regions

A

cardiac region
fundic region
body
pyloric region

72
Q

initital region of the stomach

A

cardiac region (cardia)

73
Q

most superior hump of the stomach, superior to the gastroesophageal junction

A

fundic region (fundus)

74
Q

mixing tank of the stomach, between fundus and curve of the ‘J’

A

Body of the stomach

75
Q

last part of the stomach, is the curve of the ‘J’

A

pyloric region (pylorus)

76
Q

connection to the duodenum from the pyloric region

A

pyloric canal

77
Q

regulates the release of chyme from the pyloric canal

A

pyloric sphincter

78
Q

Regions of the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

79
Q

25 cm long, shortest/widest segement of the small intestine, first mixing bowl for chyme and digestive secretions

A

duodenum

80
Q

2.5 m long, bulk of chemical digestion occurs here, middle section

A

jejunum

81
Q

longest region at 3.5 m, ends in the ileocecal valve

A

ileum

82
Q

approx. 800 in the small intestine, increase the surface area, series of transverse folds

A

plicae circulares

83
Q

support the jejunum and ileum and supplies blood vesseles, nerves, lympatics to the small intestine

A

mesentery

84
Q

band of smooth muscle that assists in peristalsis in large intestine

A

taeniae coli

85
Q

pouch like structures of the large intestine (one and many)

A

haustrum =1

haustra = many

86
Q

hang out on the large intestine, attached near taeniae coli, fatty

A

epiploic appendages

87
Q

expanded pouch where contents of ileum first enter the large intestine

A

cecum

88
Q

connects large intestine to small intestine

A

ileocecal valve

89
Q

houses bacteria, lymph system

A

vermiform appendix

90
Q

located in the right lateral posterior abdomen

A

ascending colon

91
Q

most superior portion of large intestine

A

transverse colon

92
Q

left lateral large intestine

A

descending colon

93
Q

‘S’ shaped section of large intestine

A

sigmoid colon

94
Q

expanded organ for the temporary storage of fecal mater

A

rectum

95
Q

last portion of the rectum, border of columnar epithelium and nonkaratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

anal canal w/anal columns

96
Q

end of the anal canal

A

anus

97
Q

anal canal is located here

A

rectum

98
Q

involuntary circular muscle of the anus

A

internal anal sphincter

99
Q

voluntary, encircles the distal portion of the anal canal

A

external anal sphincter

100
Q

very close to here becomes keratinized and identical to surface of skin

A

anal orifice

101
Q

connets transverse and ascending colon

A

hepatic flexure

102
Q

connects transverse and descending colon

A

splenic flexure

103
Q

Larger of the main liver lobes

A

right lobe

104
Q

function of the liver

A

produce bile and detoxify/filter blood

105
Q

function of the large intestine

A

compact/dehydrate fecal mater

106
Q

function of the small intestine

A

digestion

107
Q

function of the stomach

A

start digestion

short term storage of food

108
Q

function of salivary glands

A

moisten food/oral cavity, very little digestion (enzymes)

109
Q

smaller of the main liver lobes

A

left lobe

110
Q

lobe of liver that is middle posterior view next to gallbladder

A

quadrate lobe

111
Q

lobe of liver that is superior/posterior to gallbladder,

A

caudate lobe

112
Q

seperates right and left lobes

A

falciform ligament

113
Q

supports the liver from the diaphragm

A

coronary ligament

114
Q

comes off inferiorly from the falciform ligament

A

ligamentum teres (round ligament)

115
Q

L/R collect bile from all the bile ducts of the liver lobes

A

hepatic ducts

116
Q

combination of left and right hepatic duct

A

common hepatic duct

117
Q

function of gallbladder

A

store and modify bile

118
Q

duct leaving the gallbladder

A

cystic duct

119
Q

cystic duct + common hepatic duct form this

A

common bile duct

120
Q

Function of the pancreas

A

exocrine (digestive enzyme production)

endocrine (insulin and glucagon)

121
Q

non pointed end of the pancreas that lays near the duodenum

A

head of the pancreas

122
Q

longest/middle region of the pancreas

A

body of the pancreas

123
Q

pointed end of the pancreas that lays near the spleen

A

tail of the pancreas

124
Q

joins with the common bile duct to form the hypatopancreatic ampulla

A

pancreatic duct

125
Q

superior duct exiting the pancreas

A

accessory duct

126
Q

area that common bile duct and pancreatic duct come together to form

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

127
Q

opens to empty contents of hepatopancreatic ampulla into the duodenum

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

128
Q

another name for the hepatopancreatic sphincter

A

sphincter of Oddi

129
Q

function of the spleen

A

lymphatic function

130
Q

Pathway of bile

A 
hepatocytes in the liver produce bile
R/L hepatic duct
cystic duct joins and forms
common bile duct
pancreatic duct joins and forms
hepatopancreatic ampula
hepatopancreatic sphincter
duodenum

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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