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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 10 (Heart) > Flashcards

Quiz 10 (Heart) Flashcards

1
Q

Two organs found in the mediastinum

A

heart

trachea

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2
Q

where major blood vessels come off the heart

A

base

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3
Q

pointy end of heart that sites by left lung

A

apex

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4
Q

separates atria from ventricles (wall)

A

atrioventricular septum

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5
Q

groove that goes all the way around the heart (encircles the base)

A

coronary sulcus

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6
Q

another name for coronary sulcus

A

atrioventricular sulcus

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7
Q

separates right and left ventricles (wall)

A

interventricular septum

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8
Q

groove that goes down the goes down the front of the heart. Originates by the aorta and moves inferiorly towards apex

A

anterior interventricular sulcus

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9
Q

groove that goes down the back of the heart. originates by the inferior vena cava and moves inferiorly towards the apex

A

posterior interventricular sulcus

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10
Q

external landmards of the interventricular septum

A

anterior/posterior interventricular sulci

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11
Q

Layers of the heart wall (inside to out)

A

endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

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12
Q

another name for epicardium

A

visceral pericardium

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13
Q

endocardium is made of these types of cells

A

simple squamous epithelium

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14
Q

myocardium is made of these types of cells

A

cardiac muscle

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15
Q

the epicardium is this type of tissue composed of these types of cells

A

serous membrane

mesothelium

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16
Q

coverings of the heart (inside out)

A

epicardium
pericardial cavity
pericardial sac

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17
Q

pericardial sac is compose of these (inside out)

A

parietal pericardium

fibrous pericardium

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18
Q

pericardium in direct contact with the heart

A

visceral pericardium (epicardium)

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19
Q

space between epicardium and parietal pericardium

A

pericardial cavity

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20
Q

reinforcing layer of the pericardial sac

A

fibrous pericardium

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21
Q

fibrous pericardium is made of this type of tissue

A

dense irregular connective tissue

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22
Q

parietal pericardium is made of this type of tissue and these types of cells

A

serous membrane

mesothelium

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23
Q

Flow of blood through heart starting in the R. atrium to the ascending aorta

A 
R atrium
tricuspid valve
R ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve
pulmonary trunk
R/L pulmonary artery
R/L lungs
R/L pulmonary veins
L atrium
bicuspid valve
L ventricle
aortic semilunar valve
ascending aorta
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24
Q

Heart chambers

A

R/L atrium

R/L ventricle

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25
Q

receives oxygen pour blood from the systemic circulation

A

R. atrium

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26
Q

expandable extension of the atrium, atrial appendage, flaps

A

R/L auricle (depending on R/L atrium)

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27
Q

muscular ridges on inside of atrium walls that prevent blood coagulation

A

pectinate muscles

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28
Q

pectinate muscles are found here in the R atrium

A

anterior wall

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29
Q

permits blood flow directly from the right atrium to left atrium fetally while lungs are developing

A

fossa ovalis

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30
Q

closes 48 hours after birth

A

fossa ovalis

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31
Q

fossa ovalis name fetally

A

foramen ovale

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32
Q

opens into posterior superior right atrium

A

superior vena cava

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33
Q

blood comes to the superior vena cava from here

A

head
neck
upper limbs
chest

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34
Q

opens into the posterior inferior right atrium

A

inferior vena cava

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35
Q

blood comes into the inferior vena cava from here

A

abdominal and pelvic cavity

lower limbs

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36
Q

drains veins of heart directly into right atrium

A

coronary sinus

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37
Q

location of coronary sinus

A

posterior portion of coronary sulcus inferior to left atrium

38
Q

coronary sinus is an artery or vein

A

vein

39
Q

The hole which opens from the R atrium to the R ventricle

A

R atrioventricular orifice

40
Q

structure that stops the backward flow of blood from the R ventricle to the R atrium

A

tricuspid valve

41
Q

another name for tricuspid valve

A

atrioventricular valve

42
Q

smaller than left ventricle

A

R ventricle

43
Q

irregular muscular folds in the ventricles

A

trabeculae carneae (found in both ventricles)

44
Q

cone shaped muscular projections of the inner ventricular surface

A

papillary muscles (found in both ventricles)

45
Q

connects the papillary muscles to the tricuspid or bicuspid valve depending on R/L ventricle

A

chordae tendineae

46
Q

These three structures work together to keep blood from flowing back from the ventricle to the atrium (R/L)

A

Tricuspid/bicuspid valve
chordae tendineae
papillary muscles

47
Q

valve that passes through from R ventricle to the pulmonary trunk

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

48
Q

receives blood from the R ventricle

A

pulmonary trunk

49
Q

2 branches of the pulmonary trunk

A

R/L pulmonary arteries

50
Q

R/L pulmonary arteries carry this type of blood to this structure

A

deoxygenated blood

lungs

51
Q

Receives blood from the lungs

A

L atrium

52
Q

Pectinate muscles of the L atrium are only found here

A

L auricle

53
Q

This type of blood enters the L atrium through these

A

oxygenated blood

R/L pulmonary veins

54
Q

How many pulmonary veins, and how do they get their name (sidedness)

A

4

which side of the heart they enter on

55
Q

hole/opening between L atrium and L ventricle

A

L atrioventricular orifice

56
Q

Valve that seperates the L atrium and L ventricle

A

bicuspid valve

57
Q

2 other names for bicuspid valve

A

mitral valve

atrioventricular valve

58
Q

recieves blood from the L atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body

A

L ventricle

59
Q

which ventricle is larger, why

A

L

more force is needed to pump blood through the body than just the lungs

60
Q

blood passes through from left ventricle to aorta

A

aortic semilunar valve

61
Q

main artery leaving the heart

A

aorta

62
Q

Largest blood vessel in the body

A

aorta

63
Q

Supplies blood to most of the left ventricle, narrow slip of the right ventricle, most of the left atrium, and anterior 2/3 of the interventricular septum

A

left coronary artery

64
Q

Branches of the L coronary artery

A

anterior interventricular artery

circumflex artery/branch

65
Q

another name for anterior interventricular artery

A

Left anterior decending artery

66
Q

L/R coronary arteries originate here

A

base of the ascending aorta

67
Q

Where is blood pressure the highest in systemic circulation

A

aortic sinus (associated with L/R coronary arteries)

68
Q

Location of the L coronary artery

A

runs between the pulmonary trunk and left atrium where it promptly splits

69
Q

Location of the anterior interventricular artery of the LCA

A

runs inferiorly from the LCA down the anterior interventricular sulcus

70
Q

location of the circumflex artery of the LCA

A

runs laterally to the left within the coronary sulcus where it turns inferiorly near the left pulmonary veins of the left atrium

71
Q

Location of the right coronary artery

A

runs inferiorly within the coronary sulcus along the margin of the right atrium until it reaches the inferior vena cava

72
Q

arteries associated with the R coronary artery

A

R marginal artery(branch)

posterior interventricular artery (branch)

73
Q

location of the posterior interventricular artery

A

Branch of the RCA that turns near the inferior vena cava and runs inferiorly down the posterior interventricular sulcus

74
Q

location of the right marginal artery

A

Near the right boarder of the heart the RCA gives rise to a branch that extends towards the apex of the heart along the anterior surface of the right ventricle

75
Q

cardiac veins 3

A

great cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
coronary sinus

76
Q

Location of the great cardiac vein

A

Starts near the apex of the heart within the anterior interventricular sulcus, turns right along the coronary sulcus at the base of the heart. follows the coronary suclcus around the left atrium where it joins the coronary sinus

77
Q

Location of the middle cardiac vein

A

Starts near the apex of the heart within the posterior interventricular sulcus and moves towards the base of the heart where it joins the coronary sinus

78
Q

receives blood from the great and middle cardiac veins

A

coronary sinus

79
Q

location of the coronary sinus

A

Starts at approximately directly inferior to the left atrium on the posterior side of the heart. Sits within the coronary sulcus and runs until it empties directly into the right atrium

80
Q

Vessel that directly recieves blood from the left ventricle

A

aorta

81
Q

Sections of the aorta

A

ascending aorta
aortic arch
descending aorta
thoracic aorta

82
Q

coronary arteries originate here

A

ascending aorta

83
Q

these three arteries arise from the aortic arch in order of flow of blood

A

brachiocephalic artery
L common carotid artery
L subclavian artery

84
Q

branches of the brachiocephalic artery in order of flow of blood

A

R common carotid artery

R subclavian artery

85
Q

connects aortic arch and pulmonary trunk

A

ligamentum arteriosum

86
Q

name of fetal ligamentum arteriosum

A

ductus arteriosus

87
Q

function of ductus arteriosus

A

allows blood to pass from pulmonary trunk to aorta

after birth it closes and forms a ligament

88
Q

supplies blood to the viscera of the thorax, muslces of the chest, diaphragm, and thoracic portion of spinal cord

A

thoracic aorta

89
Q

supplies blood to chest muscles and vertebral column

A

posterior intercostal arteries

90
Q

fetal pulmonary shunts

A

foramen ovale

ductus arteriosus

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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