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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 7 (CNS + PNS) > Flashcards

Quiz 7 (CNS + PNS) Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of CSF

A 
mechanical protection
chemical protection (blood brain barrier)
circulation (provided nutrients to brain)
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2
Q

CSF

A

cerebral spinal fluid

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3
Q

Pathway of CSF

A 
produced by choroid plexus (in all four ventricles)
lateral ventricles
intervertricular foramen
third ventricle
cerebral aquaduct
fourth ventricle
median and lateral apertures
subarachnoid space
arachnoid vili
dural sinuses
internal jugular vein
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4
Q

The prosencephalon composes these two structures at a 6 week embryo

A

telencephalon

diencephalon

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5
Q

Lobes of the cerebrum

A 
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
insula
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6
Q

Frontal lobe contains this structure

A

precentral gyrus

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7
Q

parietal lobe contains this strucutre

A

postcentral gyrus

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8
Q

temporal lobe has these 2 structures

A

auditory and olfactory cortex

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9
Q

occipital lobe contains this structure

A

visual cortex

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10
Q

Location of insula

A

deep to the lateral sulcus

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11
Q

the insula contains this structure

A

gustatory cortex

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12
Q

Layers of the meninges from superficial to deep

A 
periosteal layer (dura mater)
meningeal layer (dura mater)
arachnoid mater
sub-arachnoid space
pia mater
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13
Q

meninges

A

protective area that encloses the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

dura mater

A

two seperate layers

leathery material

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15
Q

pia mater

A

thin layer of tissue that clings tightly to the brain

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16
Q

arachnoid villi

A

aka arachnoid granulations
projections of the arachnoid mater through the meningeal layer of the dura mater into the dural sinus where CSF is absorbed into venous blood

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17
Q

dural sinuses are

A

veins of the brain open into the sinuses which in turn deliver blood to the internal juggular vein.

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18
Q

dural sinuses contain these

A

intersitial fluid

blood vessels

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19
Q

Names and pathway of the dural sinuses

A

look up in book

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20
Q

Falx cerebri

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that follows the longitudinal fissure and separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain.

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21
Q

Tentorium cerebelli

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that follows the transverse fissure and separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

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22
Q

Falx cerebelli

A

meningeal layer of the dura mater that separates the two halves of the cerebellum

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23
Q

The prosencephalon becomes these two brain regions at birth

A

cerebrum

diencephalon

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24
Q

telencephalon is this region at birth

A

cerebrum

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25
diencephalon is this region at birth
diencephalon
26
primary brain vesicle mesencephalon makes up this 6 week embryo brain structure, and this region at birth
diencephalon
27
Rhombencephalon makes up this two brain vesicles at 6 week embryo
metencephalon | myelencephalon
28
metencephalon is this region at birth
cerebellum and pons
29
myelencephalon is this region at birth
medula oblongata
30
This means 'little brain' in latin
cerebellum
31
largest part of the brain
cerebrum
32
conscious thought occurs here
cerebral hemispheres of the cerebrum
33
cerebral hemispheres
two half's of the cerebrum that are separated by the longitudinal fissure
34
corpus callosum
prominent comissural bundles linking the cerebral hemispheres
35
septum pellucidum
thin, medial portion membrane that separates the pair of lateral ventricles
36
cerebral cortex
an extensive area of neural cortex covering the cerebral hemispheres
37
lateral sulcus
marks inferior boarder of the frontal lobe
38
central sulcus
deep groove that extends laterally from the longitudinal fissure
39
longitudinal fissure
deep fissure that seperates the cerebrum into hemispheres
40
transverse fissure
deep fissure that seperates the cerebrum from the cerebellar hemispheres
41
Diencephalon contains these major structures
epithalamus thalamus hypothalamus
42
sturucture of the epithalamus
pineal gland (body)
43
epithalamus
roof of the thrid ventricle
44
pineal gland (body)
posterior portion of epithalamus, secretes hormone melatonin
45
thalamus
contains most of the neural tissue in the diencephalon, forms walls that surround the third ventricle final relay point for ascending sensory info
46
hypothalamus
forms the floor of the third ventricle, | extends from optic chiasma to mammillary bodies
47
4 structures of the hypothalamus
optic chiasma mammillary bodies pituitary gland infundibulum
48
optic chiasma
location where the optic tracts from the eyes cross over and arrive at the brain
49
mammillary bodies
control feeding reflexes (licking, swallowing, ect)
50
pituitary gland
controls the release of many hormones, posterior is neural tissue, anterior is epithelial tissue
51
infundibulum
extends inferiorly connecting the hypothalamus to the pituitary
52
telencephalon and diencephalon: other names
forebrain | prosencephalon
53
mesencephalon: other name
midbrain
54
mesencephalon structures
``` cerebral aqueduct (mesencephalic aqueduct) tectum (corpora quadrigemina) ```
55
cerebral aqueduct other name
mesencephalic aqueduct
56
cerebral aqueduct
passage between the third and fourth ventricles
57
tectum other name
corpora quadrigemina
58
additonal structures of the tectum
superior (x2) and inferior (x2) colliculi
59
superior colliculi
integrate visual information with other sensory input, | initiate reflex responses to visual stimuli
60
inferior colliculi
relay auditory information to medial geniculate nuclei | initiate refles responses to auditory stimuli
61
describe the superior and inferior colliculi
4 small bumps on the posterior portion of the midbrain
62
Two other names for metencephalon
hindbrain | rhombencephalon
63
two other names for myelencephalon
hindbrain | rhombencephalon
64
2 major structures of the metencephalon
pons | cerebellum
65
pons functions
relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus | suconscious somatic and visceral motor centers
66
pons location
anterior to cerebellum in the brain stem
67
cerebellum functions
coordinates complex somatic motor patterns | adjusts output of other somatic motor centers in brain and spinal cord
68
Vermis
along the midline of the cerebellum, a band of cortex that seperates the cerebellar hemispheres
69
cerebellar cortex
gray mater of the cerebellum
70
arbor vitae
white mater of the cerebellum, looks like tree branches
71
cerebellar peduncles
tracts that link the cerebellum with the brain stem, cerebrum, and spinal cord leave the cerebellar hemispheres as the superior, middle, and inferior peduncles
72
myelencephalon structure
medulla oblongata
73
medulla oblongata
where spinal cord connects to the brainstem
74
brain stem
midbrain + pons + medulla oblongata
75
Body of lateral ventricle is here
parietal lobe
76
anterior horn of the lateral ventricle is here
extending into the frontal lobe
77
posterior horn of the lateral ventricle is here
projects into the occipital lobe
78
inferior horn of the lateral ventricle is here
curves laterally within the temporal lobe
79
interventricular foramen
passage that links the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle
80
third ventricle
cavity within the diencephalon
81
fourth ventricle
begins between the pons and cerebellum, narrows and becomes continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord
82
choroid plexus
produces CSF by "filtering" blood as it passes from the capillaries into the ventricles of the brain
83
choroid plexus is located here
in all of the ventricles of the brain
84
CN 1
olfactory
85
CN 2
Optic
86
CN 3
Oculomotor
87
CN 4
Trochlear
88
CN 5
Trigeminal
89
three branches of the trigeminal nerve
ophthalmic maxillary mandibular
90
CN 6
Abducens
91
CN 7
Facial
92
CN 8
vestibulocochlear
93
CN 9
glossopharyngeal
94
CN 10
Vagus
95
CN 11
Accessory
96
CN 12
Hypoglossal
97
Innervation: olfactory 1
nasal cavity/smell
98
Innervation: optic 2
eye/vision
99
Innervation: oculomotor 3
extrinsic muscles of eye
100
Innervation: throchlear 4
superior oblique muscles of eye
101
Innervation: trigeminal (ophthalmic) 5
skin of eyelids, scalp, nose, and lacrimal gland
102
Innervation: trigeminal (maxillary) 5
upper teeth, palate, skin of cheek, upper lip
103
Innervation: trigeminal (mandibular) 5
tongue, lower teeth, skin of jaw and temporal region
104
Innervation: abducens 6
lateral rectus muscle
105
Innervation: facial 7
taste buds of tongue, stimulates glands and skeletal muscle of face
106
Innervation: vestibulocochlear (vestibular branch) 8
equilibrium
107
Innervation: vestibulocochlear (cochlear branch) 8
hearing
108
Innervation: glossopharyngeal 9
pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland | posterior tongue, pharynx and carotid sinus
109
Innervation: vagus 10
pharyngeal and laryngeal muslces, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera
110
Innervation: accessory 11
trapezius and sternocleidomastoid, pharynx, larynx, and soft palate
111
Innervation: hypoglossal 12
extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of tongue
112
Nerve(s) that passes through: cribriform plate
olfactory 1
113
Nerve(s) that passes through: optic canal
optic 2
114
Nerve(s) that passes through: superior orbital fissure
oculomotor 3 trochlear 4 opthalmic (trigeminal) 5 abducens 6
115
Nerve(s) that passes through: foramen rotundum
maxiallary (trigeminal) 5
116
Nerve(s) that passes through: foramen ovale
mandibular (trigeminal) 5
117
Nerve(s) that passes through: Enters internal acoustic meatus
facial 7 | vestibulocochlear 8
118
Nerve(s) that passes through: exits stylomastoid foramen
facial 7
119
Nerve(s) that passes through: jugular foramen
glossopharyngeal 9 vagus 10 accessory 11
120
Nerve(s) that passes through: hypoglossal canal
hypoglossal 12
121
pathway of the spinal component of the accessory nerve
enters via foramen magnum | exits via jugular foramen
122
pathway of the cranial component of the accessory nerve
exits via jugular foramen
123
Review the M
OKay
124
Cervical plexus consists of these spinal nerves
C1-C4 with parts of C5
125
Cervial plexus supplies these
skin, muscles of the head, neck and the upper part of the shoulder
126
These contribute to the phrenic nerve
C3-5
127
Phrenic nerve innervates this
diaphragm
128
brachial plexus consists of this
anterior branches of spinal nerves C5-C8 and T1
129
The major nerves emergin from the brachial plexus are
``` musculocutaneous medial ulnar radial axillary ```
130
Musclulocutaneous innervates
coracobrachialis biceps brachii brachialis
131
median nerve innervates
``` flexor pollicis longus flexor digitorum superficialis lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus palmaris longus pronator teres and quadratus ```
132
ulnar nerve innervates
extensor carpi ulnaris | medial part of flexor digitorum profundus
133
Radial nerve innervates
``` triceps bracii anconeous bracioradialis supinator extensors of the forearm less the extensor carpii ulnaris ```
134
axillary nerve innervates
deltoid | teres minor
135
lumbar plexus consists of
T12-L4
136
Nerves of the lumbar plexus
obturator | femoral (adductor hiatus)
137
obturator nerve innervates
gracilis | adductor longus/magnus
138
Femoral nerve innervates
sartorius | 4 muscles of the quadraceps
139
sacral plexus consists of
sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves
140
Sacral plexus nerves
sciatic
141
sciatic nerve splits and becomes
``` tibial common peroneal (fibular) ```
142
common peroneal (fibular) splits and beocmes
``` superficial peroneal (fibular) deep peroneal (fibular) ```
143
sciatic nerve innervates
hamstrings
144
tibial nerve innervates
``` popliteous plantaris tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus ```
145
superficial peroneal nerve innervates
peroneus longus/brevis
146
deep peroneal nerve innervates
tibialis anterior extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorm longus peroneous tertius
147
Lateral cord forms all or part of these two nerves
musculocutaneous | median
148
Medial cord forms all or part of these two nerves
median | ulnar
149
posterior cord forms all or part of these two nerves
axilary | radial
150
olfactory function
sensory
151
optic function
sensory
152
oculomotor
motor
153
trochlear
motor
154
trigeminal functional (all but muscles of mastication)
sensory
155
trigeminal functional (muscles of mastication)
motor
156
trigeminal function as a whole
both (sensory/motor)
157
abducens function
motor
158
facial function
both (sensory/motor)
159
vestibulocochlear function
sensory
160
glossopharyngeal function
both (sensory/motor0
161
vagus function
both (sensory/motor)
162
accessory function
motor
163
hypoglossal function
motor

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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