Quiz 8 (Eye + Ear) Flashcards
1
Q
Pathway of lacrimal fluid
A
lacrimal gland excretory ducts medially across eye lacrimal puncta lacrimal canals lacrimal sack nasolacrimal duct nasal cavity
2
Q
Lacrimal gland is normally innervated by
A
facial nerve during normal levels of production
3
Q
lacrimal gland is innervated by this nerve when crying
A
opthalmic branch (CN 5)
4
Q
Another name for palpebrae
A
eyelids
5
Q
palpebrae
A
keep the eye lubricated
protect the surface of the eye
6
Q
deep to the subcutaneous layer of eyelids, board sheets of connective tissue
A
tarsal plates
7
Q
Type of tissue composing the conjunctiva
A
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
8
Q
Covers inner surface of eyelids
A
palpebral conjunctiva
9
Q
covers outer surface of the anterior surface of the eye
A
ocular/bulbar conjuctiva
10
Q
muscle around the eye (circular muscle)
A
orbicularis oculi
11
Q
innervation of the orbicularis oculi
A
facial nerve
12
Q
focuses the visual image on the retinal photoreceptors
A
lens
13
Q
this covers the lens
A
dense, fibrous capsule covers the entire lens
14
Q
Lacrimal apparatus consists of the following
A
lacrimal gland lacrimal puncta lacrimal canals (canaliculi) lacrimal sac nasolacrimal duct
15
Q
pocket created where the conjunctiva of the eyelid connects with the eye is known as
A
Fornix
16
Q
The lacrimal gland resides here
A
a depression in the frontal bone within the orbit and superior and lateral to the eyeball
17
Q
superior and inferior, drain the lacrimal lake, empty into lacrimal canaliculi
A
lacrimal puncta
18
Q
run along groves in the lacrimal bone, lead to lacrimal sac
A
lacrimal canals (canaliculi)
19
Q
fills the lacrimal groove of the lacrimal bone
A
lacrimal sac
20
Q
extends along the nasolacrimal canal, formed by the lacrimal bone and the maxilla
A
nasolacrimal duct
21
Q
orbicularis oculi: A and N
A
closes eyelids and draws eyebrows inferiorly
facial
22
Q
levator palpebrae superioris: A and N
A
Blinking muscles, elevates eyelid
oculomotor nerve
23
Q
Superior rectus: A and N
A
Moves the eye superiorly. slight medial movement
oculomotor nerve
24
Q
inferior rectus: A and N
A
Moves the eye inferiorly. slight medial movement
oculomotor nerve
25
Medial rectus: A and N
moves the eye medially
| oculomotor nerve
26
lateral rectus: A and N
moves the eye laterally
| abducens
27
inferior oblique: A and N
slight lateral movement of the eye
| oculomotor nerve
28
superior oblique: A and N
slight lateral movement of the eye
| trochlear nerve
29
How to ID the position of the eye
inferior oblique is connected directly to the lateral side of the eye and wraps around the bottom of the eye medially
superior oblique is connected to the eye via a tendon and wraps around the top of the eye medially
30
trochlea
fibrocartilage, allows superior oblique muscle to act as a pulley
31
Pathway of aqueous humor
```
starts in the ciliary processes
posterior chamber of the anterior cavity
through pupil
anterior chamber of the anterior cavity
canal of Schlemm
drains into blood stream
```
32
Accommodation: Lens, close
Thick
33
Accommodation: Lens, far
thin/flat
34
Accommodation: ciliary muscle, close
contracted
35
Accommodation: ciliary muscle, far
relaxed
36
Accommodation: suspensory ligaments, close
not tense/loose
37
Accommodation: suspensory ligaments, far
tense
38
Fibrous tunic is made of
cornea
| sclera
39
anterior aspect of eye, transparent, allows light into eye
cornea
40
refracts light as it enters the eye
cornea
41
Whites of eye, muscular attachment to eye, fierous connective tissue, gives eye form
sclera
42
vascular tunic AKA
Uvea
43
main parts of the vascular tunic
```
choroid (coat)
iris
pupil
ciliary body
suspensory ligaments
```
44
pigmented layer of the eye, melanocytes produce melanin
choroid (coat)
45
colored part of the eye, muscular
iris
46
muscles of tye iris
pupillary dilators
| pupillary constrictors
47
radial muscles of the eye
pupillary dilators
48
circular muscles of the eye
pupillary constrictors
49
pupillary dilators do this
open pupil and allow more light into eye
50
pupillary constrictors do this
close pupil and allow less light into eye
51
hole in the middle of the eye
pupil
52
part of the eye that means little person
pupil
53
begins at junction between the cornea and sclera
ciliary body
54
structures of the ciliary body
ciliary muscles
| ciliary processes
55
bulk of ciliary body, ring that projects into the interior of the eye
ciliary muscle
56
epithelium is thrown into numerous folds in this part of the vascular tunic
ciliary processes
57
how to say ciliary processes on the test
ciliary processes of the ciliary body
58
attached to ciliary processes and lens
suspensory ligaments (zonular fibers)
59
Main parts of the neural tunic
```
retina
macula lutea
fovea centralis
optic disc
anterior cavity
posterior cavity
```
60
inner most layer of the eye, consists of neural tissue and is an extension of the brain
neural tunic
61
contains photorecepetors, two layers
retina
62
two layers of the retina
neural retina and pigment layer
63
exact posterior of retina, contains no rods
macula lutea
64
highest visual accuity, highest concentration of cones
fovea centralis
65
highest visual acuity
fovea centralis
66
blind spot
optic disc
67
the optic disc consists of this
optic nerve and veins of eye leave at this location
68
area anterior to the lens
anterior cavity
69
cornea to iris
anterior chamber of the anterior cavity
70
iris to lens
posterior chamber of the anterior cavity
71
watery fluid that occupies the anterior cavity
aqueous humor
72
scleral venous sinus, aqueous humor passes through back into circulation at this point
canal of schlemm
73
the cana of schlemm is in this area of the eye
anterior cavity
74
another name for posterior cavity
vitreous chamber
75
posterior to lens
posterior cavity
76
gelatinous fluid that holds shape of the eye
vitreous humor
77
Most exterior structure of the ear
pinna / auricle
78
external ear structure that is just outside of the tympanic membrane
external auditory canal
79
Middle ear structures (5)
```
tympanic membrane (tympanum)
auditory ossicles
tensor tympani
stapedius
auditory (eustachian) tube
```
80
auditory ossicles 3
malleus
incus
stapes
81
Ear drum, barrier between external and middle ear
tympanic membrane (tympanum)
82
transfer vibrations from tympanic membrane to the perilymph of the scala vestibuli
auditory ossicles
83
lateral ossicle
malleus
84
middle ossicle
incus
85
medial ossicle
stapes
86
This middle ear muscle inserts on the handle of the malleus
tensor tympani
87
tensor tympani is innervated by
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V)
88
This middle ear muscle inserts on the stapes
stapedius
89
innervation of the stapedius
facial nerve
90
communication between middle ear and nasopharynx
auditory (eustachian) tube
91
function of the auditory tube
equalizes pressure in the middle ear
92
bony labyrinth is filled with this
perilymph
93
anterior semicircular canal
'yes' movement
94
lateral semicircular canal
'no' movement (shake)
95
posterior semicircular canal
cartwheel movement (tilting)
96
contains the utricle and saccule
vestibule
97
snail shaped portion of inner ear associated with hearing
cochlea
98
part of the membranous labyrinth that contains the sensory receptors at the bases of the semicircular ducts (cristae) (A,L,P)
Amupullae
99
membranous labyrinth is filled with
endolymph
100
responsible for dynamic equilibrium
semicircular ducts
101
responsible for static equilibrium
utricle
| saccule
102
membranous structure in the semicircular canals
semicircular ducts (A,L,P)
103
1 of membranous sacks that contain receptors contained in the vestibule,structure superior to the saccule
utricle
104
1 of membranous sacks that contain receptors contained in the vestibule,structure inferior to the utricle
saccule
105
horizontal acceleration
utricle
106
vertical acceleration
saccule
107
Slow vibrations produce this type of sound, and hits this area of the basilar membrane
deep sounds
| distal
108
fast vibrations produce this type of sound, and hits this area of the basilar membrane
high pitch sounds
| proximal
109
tonotopic organization
different sounds cause maximal vibration in different areas of the cochlea
110
ascending scala
scala vestibuli
111
decending scala
scala tympani
112
scala filled with endolymph and membranous labyrinth
scala media (cochlear duct)
113
membrane that seperates scala vestibuli and scala media
vestibular membrane
114
membrane that rests right over the top of the organ of corti
techtorial membrane
115
membrane that seperates scala media from the scala tympani
basilar membrane
116
hairs of the cochlear duct (scala media) are found here
organ of corti
117
scala that shares half of its area with the scala media
scala vestibuli
118
inferior of the two openings, thin membrane that spans the opening and seperates the perilymph from the air of the middle ear
round window
119
superior of the two openings, almost filled by stapes, annular ligament completes the seal, vibration of the stapes causes pressure way to originate here
oval window
120
nerve responsible for equilibrium
vestibular branch of vestibulocochlear nerve
121
nerve responsible for hearing
cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve
122
pathway of sound (14 in order)
```
pinna
external auditory canal
tympanic membrane
maleous
incus
stapes
oval window
displacement of perilymph in scala vestibuli
vibration of vestibular membrane
displaces endolymph in cochlear duct
vibration basilar membrane
bends haircells of the organ of corti against tectorial membrane
nerve impulse travels down cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve
```
123
wavelike movement of fluid in the ear in response to vibrations at the oval window
pressure wave
